#endif /* __HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA */
 
+static int follow_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
+               pte_t **ptepp, spinlock_t **ptlp)
+{
+       pgd_t *pgd;
+       pud_t *pud;
+       pmd_t *pmd;
+       pte_t *ptep;
+
+       pgd = pgd_offset(mm, address);
+       if (pgd_none(*pgd) || unlikely(pgd_bad(*pgd)))
+               goto out;
+
+       pud = pud_offset(pgd, address);
+       if (pud_none(*pud) || unlikely(pud_bad(*pud)))
+               goto out;
+
+       pmd = pmd_offset(pud, address);
+       if (pmd_none(*pmd) || unlikely(pmd_bad(*pmd)))
+               goto out;
+
+       /* We cannot handle huge page PFN maps. Luckily they don't exist. */
+       if (pmd_huge(*pmd))
+               goto out;
+
+       ptep = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, ptlp);
+       if (!ptep)
+               goto out;
+       if (!pte_present(*ptep))
+               goto unlock;
+       *ptepp = ptep;
+       return 0;
+unlock:
+       pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, *ptlp);
+out:
+       return -EINVAL;
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT
 int follow_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                unsigned long address, unsigned int flags,