Patch series "kvmalloc", v5.
There are many open coded kmalloc with vmalloc fallback instances in the
tree. Most of them are not careful enough or simply do not care about
the underlying semantic of the kmalloc/page allocator which means that
a) some vmalloc fallbacks are basically unreachable because the kmalloc
part will keep retrying until it succeeds b) the page allocator can
invoke a really disruptive steps like the OOM killer to move forward
which doesn't sound appropriate when we consider that the vmalloc
fallback is available.
As it can be seen implementing kvmalloc requires quite an intimate
knowledge if the page allocator and the memory reclaim internals which
strongly suggests that a helper should be implemented in the memory
subsystem proper.
Most callers, I could find, have been converted to use the helper
instead. This is patch 6. There are some more relying on __GFP_REPEAT
in the networking stack which I have converted as well and Eric Dumazet
was not opposed [2] to convert them as well.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/
20170130094940.13546-1-mhocko@kernel.org
[2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/
1485273626.16328.301.camel@edumazet-glaptop3.roam.corp.google.com
This patch (of 9):
Using kmalloc with the vmalloc fallback for larger allocations is a
common pattern in the kernel code. Yet we do not have any common helper
for that and so users have invented their own helpers. Some of them are
really creative when doing so. Let's just add kv[mz]alloc and make sure
it is implemented properly. This implementation makes sure to not make
a large memory pressure for > PAGE_SZE requests (__GFP_NORETRY) and also
to not warn about allocation failures. This also rules out the OOM
killer as the vmalloc is a more approapriate fallback than a disruptive
user visible action.
This patch also changes some existing users and removes helpers which
are specific for them. In some cases this is not possible (e.g.
ext4_kvmalloc, libcfs_kvzalloc) because those seems to be broken and
require GFP_NO{FS,IO} context which is not vmalloc compatible in general
(note that the page table allocation is GFP_KERNEL). Those need to be
fixed separately.
While we are at it, document that __vmalloc{_node} about unsupported gfp
mask because there seems to be a lot of confusion out there.
kvmalloc_node will warn about GFP_KERNEL incompatible (which are not
superset) flags to catch new abusers. Existing ones would have to die
slowly.
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: f2fs fixup]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170320163735.332e64b7@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170306103032.2540-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca> [ext4 part]
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Orabug:
26473178
(cherry picked from commit
a7c3e901a46ff54c016d040847eda598a9e3e653)
Signed-off-by: Kyle Fortin <kyle.fortin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Conflicts:
arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
arch/x86/kvm/page_track.c
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
fs/f2fs/f2fs.h
fs/f2fs/file.c
fs/f2fs/node.c
fs/f2fs/segment.c
fs/seq_file.c
security/apparmor/apparmorfs.c
security/apparmor/include/lib.h
security/apparmor/lib.c
security/apparmor/policy_unpack.c
virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
slot->base_gfn, level) + 1;
slot->arch.rmap[i] =
- kvm_kvzalloc(lpages * sizeof(*slot->arch.rmap[i]));
+ kvzalloc(lpages * sizeof(*slot->arch.rmap[i]), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!slot->arch.rmap[i])
goto out_free;
if (i == 0)
continue;
- slot->arch.lpage_info[i - 1] = kvm_kvzalloc(lpages *
- sizeof(*slot->arch.lpage_info[i - 1]));
+ slot->arch.lpage_info[i - 1] = kvzalloc(lpages *
+ sizeof(*slot->arch.lpage_info[i - 1]),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
if (!slot->arch.lpage_info[i - 1])
goto out_free;
if (!claim_shared_memory(alloc_size))
return NULL;
- if (alloc_size <= KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE) {
- p = kzalloc_node(alloc_size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NOWARN, node);
- if (p)
- return p;
- }
- p = vzalloc_node(alloc_size, node);
+ p = kvzalloc_node(alloc_size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC, node);
if (p)
return p;
return 0;
size = roundup_pow_of_two(sizeof(*sbi->s_group_info) * size);
- new_groupinfo = ext4_kvzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ new_groupinfo = kvzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!new_groupinfo) {
ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "can't allocate buddy meta group");
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
size = roundup_pow_of_two(size * sizeof(struct flex_groups));
- new_groups = ext4_kvzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ new_groups = kvzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!new_groups) {
ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "not enough memory for %d flex groups",
size / (int) sizeof(struct flex_groups));
goto failed_mount;
}
}
- sbi->s_group_desc = ext4_kvmalloc(db_count *
+ sbi->s_group_desc = kvmalloc(db_count *
sizeof(struct buffer_head *),
GFP_KERNEL);
if (sbi->s_group_desc == NULL) {
SM_I(sbi)->sit_info = sit_i;
- sit_i->sentries = vzalloc(MAIN_SEGS(sbi) * sizeof(struct seg_entry));
+ sit_i->sentries = kvzalloc(MAIN_SEGS(sbi) * sizeof(struct seg_entry),
+ GFP_KERNEL);
if (!sit_i->sentries)
return -ENOMEM;
bitmap_size = f2fs_bitmap_size(MAIN_SEGS(sbi));
- sit_i->dirty_sentries_bitmap = kzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ sit_i->dirty_sentries_bitmap = kvzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!sit_i->dirty_sentries_bitmap)
return -ENOMEM;
return -ENOMEM;
if (sbi->segs_per_sec > 1) {
- sit_i->sec_entries = vzalloc(MAIN_SECS(sbi) *
- sizeof(struct sec_entry));
+ sit_i->sec_entries = kvzalloc(MAIN_SECS(sbi) *
+ sizeof(struct sec_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!sit_i->sec_entries)
return -ENOMEM;
}
SM_I(sbi)->free_info = free_i;
bitmap_size = f2fs_bitmap_size(MAIN_SEGS(sbi));
- free_i->free_segmap = kmalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ free_i->free_segmap = kvmalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!free_i->free_segmap)
return -ENOMEM;
sec_bitmap_size = f2fs_bitmap_size(MAIN_SECS(sbi));
- free_i->free_secmap = kmalloc(sec_bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ free_i->free_secmap = kvmalloc(sec_bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!free_i->free_secmap)
return -ENOMEM;
struct dirty_seglist_info *dirty_i = DIRTY_I(sbi);
unsigned int bitmap_size = f2fs_bitmap_size(MAIN_SECS(sbi));
- dirty_i->victim_secmap = kzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ dirty_i->victim_secmap = kvzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dirty_i->victim_secmap)
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
bitmap_size = f2fs_bitmap_size(MAIN_SEGS(sbi));
for (i = 0; i < NR_DIRTY_TYPE; i++) {
- dirty_i->dirty_segmap[i] = kzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ dirty_i->dirty_segmap[i] = kvzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dirty_i->dirty_segmap[i])
return -ENOMEM;
}
struct dirty_seglist_info *dirty_i = DIRTY_I(sbi);
mutex_lock(&dirty_i->seglist_lock);
- kfree(dirty_i->dirty_segmap[dirty_type]);
+ kvfree(dirty_i->dirty_segmap[dirty_type]);
dirty_i->nr_dirty[dirty_type] = 0;
mutex_unlock(&dirty_i->seglist_lock);
}
static void destroy_victim_secmap(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
{
struct dirty_seglist_info *dirty_i = DIRTY_I(sbi);
- kfree(dirty_i->victim_secmap);
+ kvfree(dirty_i->victim_secmap);
}
static void destroy_dirty_segmap(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
if (!free_i)
return;
SM_I(sbi)->free_info = NULL;
- kfree(free_i->free_segmap);
- kfree(free_i->free_secmap);
+ kvfree(free_i->free_segmap);
+ kvfree(free_i->free_secmap);
kfree(free_i);
}
}
kfree(sit_i->tmp_map);
- vfree(sit_i->sentries);
- vfree(sit_i->sec_entries);
- kfree(sit_i->dirty_sentries_bitmap);
+ kvfree(sit_i->sentries);
+ kvfree(sit_i->sec_entries);
+ kvfree(sit_i->dirty_sentries_bitmap);
SM_I(sbi)->sit_info = NULL;
kfree(sit_i->sit_bitmap);
static void *seq_buf_alloc(unsigned long size)
{
- void *buf;
-
- /*
- * __GFP_NORETRY to avoid oom-killings with high-order allocations -
- * it's better to fall back to vmalloc() than to kill things.
- */
- buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN);
- if (!buf && size > PAGE_SIZE)
- buf = vmalloc(size);
- return buf;
+ return kvmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
}
/**
int kvm_arch_vcpu_runnable(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
int kvm_arch_vcpu_should_kick(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
-void *kvm_kvzalloc(unsigned long size);
-
#ifndef __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_VM_ALLOC
static inline struct kvm *kvm_arch_alloc_vm(void)
{
}
#endif
+extern void *kvmalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node);
+static inline void *kvmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
+{
+ return kvmalloc_node(size, flags, NUMA_NO_NODE);
+}
+static inline void *kvzalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
+{
+ return kvmalloc_node(size, flags | __GFP_ZERO, node);
+}
+static inline void *kvzalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
+{
+ return kvmalloc(size, flags | __GFP_ZERO);
+}
+
extern void kvfree(const void *addr);
static inline void compound_lock(struct page *page)
unsigned long start, unsigned long end, gfp_t gfp_mask,
pgprot_t prot, unsigned long vm_flags, int node,
const void *caller);
+extern void *__vmalloc_node_flags(unsigned long size, int node, gfp_t flags);
extern void vfree(const void *addr);
*/
void *ipc_alloc(int size)
{
- void *out;
- if (size > PAGE_SIZE)
- out = vmalloc(size);
- else
- out = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
- return out;
+ return kvmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
}
/**
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__vmalloc);
+void *__vmalloc_node_flags(unsigned long size, int node, gfp_t flags)
+{
+ return __vmalloc(size, flags, PAGE_KERNEL);
+}
+
void *vmalloc_user(unsigned long size)
{
void *ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_mmap);
+/**
+ * kvmalloc_node - attempt to allocate physically contiguous memory, but upon
+ * failure, fall back to non-contiguous (vmalloc) allocation.
+ * @size: size of the request.
+ * @flags: gfp mask for the allocation - must be compatible (superset) with GFP_KERNEL.
+ * @node: numa node to allocate from
+ *
+ * Uses kmalloc to get the memory but if the allocation fails then falls back
+ * to the vmalloc allocator. Use kvfree for freeing the memory.
+ *
+ * Reclaim modifiers - __GFP_NORETRY, __GFP_REPEAT and __GFP_NOFAIL are not supported
+ *
+ * Any use of gfp flags outside of GFP_KERNEL should be consulted with mm people.
+ */
+void *kvmalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
+{
+ gfp_t kmalloc_flags = flags;
+ void *ret;
+
+ /*
+ * vmalloc uses GFP_KERNEL for some internal allocations (e.g page tables)
+ * so the given set of flags has to be compatible.
+ */
+ WARN_ON_ONCE((flags & GFP_KERNEL) != GFP_KERNEL);
+
+ /*
+ * Make sure that larger requests are not too disruptive - no OOM
+ * killer and no allocation failure warnings as we have a fallback
+ */
+ if (size > PAGE_SIZE)
+ kmalloc_flags |= __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN;
+
+ ret = kmalloc_node(size, kmalloc_flags, node);
+
+ /*
+ * It doesn't really make sense to fallback to vmalloc for sub page
+ * requests
+ */
+ if (ret || size <= PAGE_SIZE)
+ return ret;
+
+ return __vmalloc_node_flags(size, node, flags | __GFP_HIGHMEM);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(kvmalloc_node);
+
void kvfree(const void *addr)
{
if (is_vmalloc_addr(addr))
* Allocate enough pages to cover @size from the page level
* allocator with @gfp_mask flags. Map them into contiguous
* kernel virtual space, using a pagetable protection of @prot.
+ *
+ * Reclaim modifiers in @gfp_mask - __GFP_NORETRY, __GFP_REPEAT
+ * and __GFP_NOFAIL are not supported
+ *
+ * Any use of gfp flags outside of GFP_KERNEL should be consulted
+ * with mm people.
+ *
*/
static void *__vmalloc_node(unsigned long size, unsigned long align,
gfp_t gfp_mask, pgprot_t prot,
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__vmalloc);
-static inline void *__vmalloc_node_flags(unsigned long size,
+void *__vmalloc_node_flags(unsigned long size,
int node, gfp_t flags)
{
return __vmalloc_node(size, 1, flags, PAGE_KERNEL,
return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
/* freed by caller to simple_write_to_buffer */
- data = kvmalloc(alloc_size);
+ data = kvmalloc(alloc_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (data == NULL)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
/* fn's in lib */
char *aa_split_fqname(char *args, char **ns_name);
void aa_info_message(const char *str);
-void *__aa_kvmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags);
-
-static inline void *kvmalloc(size_t size)
-{
- return __aa_kvmalloc(size, 0);
-}
-
-static inline void *kvzalloc(size_t size)
-{
- return __aa_kvmalloc(size, __GFP_ZERO);
-}
/* returns 0 if kref not incremented */
static inline int kref_get_not0(struct kref *kref)
}
printk(KERN_INFO "AppArmor: %s\n", str);
}
-
-/**
- * __aa_kvmalloc - do allocation preferring kmalloc but falling back to vmalloc
- * @size: how many bytes of memory are required
- * @flags: the type of memory to allocate (see kmalloc).
- *
- * Return: allocated buffer or NULL if failed
- *
- * It is possible that policy being loaded from the user is larger than
- * what can be allocated by kmalloc, in those cases fall back to vmalloc.
- */
-void *__aa_kvmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
-{
- void *buffer = NULL;
-
- if (size == 0)
- return NULL;
-
- /* do not attempt kmalloc if we need more than 16 pages at once */
- if (size <= (16*PAGE_SIZE))
- buffer = kmalloc(size, flags | GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN);
- if (!buffer) {
- if (flags & __GFP_ZERO)
- buffer = vzalloc(size);
- else
- buffer = vmalloc(size);
- }
- return buffer;
-}
if (bsize < tsize)
goto out;
- table = kvzalloc(tsize);
+ table = kvzalloc(tsize, GFP_KERNEL);
if (table) {
*table = th;
if (th.td_flags == YYTD_DATA8)
BUILD_BUG_ON(KVM_MEM_SLOTS_NUM > SHRT_MAX);
r = -ENOMEM;
- kvm->memslots = kvm_kvzalloc(sizeof(struct kvm_memslots));
+ kvm->memslots = kvzalloc(sizeof(struct kvm_memslots), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!kvm->memslots)
goto out_err_no_srcu;
return ERR_PTR(r);
}
-/*
- * Avoid using vmalloc for a small buffer.
- * Should not be used when the size is statically known.
- */
-void *kvm_kvzalloc(unsigned long size)
-{
- if (size > PAGE_SIZE)
- return vzalloc(size);
- else
- return kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
-}
-
static void kvm_destroy_dirty_bitmap(struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot)
{
if (!memslot->dirty_bitmap)
{
unsigned long dirty_bytes = 2 * kvm_dirty_bitmap_bytes(memslot);
- memslot->dirty_bitmap = kvm_kvzalloc(dirty_bytes);
+ memslot->dirty_bitmap = kvzalloc(dirty_bytes, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!memslot->dirty_bitmap)
return -ENOMEM;
goto out_free;
}
- slots = kvm_kvzalloc(sizeof(struct kvm_memslots));
+ slots = kvzalloc(sizeof(struct kvm_memslots), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!slots)
goto out_free;
memcpy(slots, kvm->memslots, sizeof(struct kvm_memslots));
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