* to increase the number of THP/huge pages. Notable special cases are:
         *
         * 1. Pinned pages: (long-term) pinning of movable pages might
-        *    essentially turn such pages unmovable. Memory offlining might
-        *    retry a long time.
+        *    essentially turn such pages unmovable. Therefore, we do not allow
+        *    pinning long-term pages in ZONE_MOVABLE. When pages are pinned and
+        *    faulted, they come from the right zone right away. However, it is
+        *    still possible that address space already has pages in
+        *    ZONE_MOVABLE at the time when pages are pinned (i.e. user has
+        *    touches that memory before pinning). In such case we migrate them
+        *    to a different zone. When migration fails - pinning fails.
         * 2. memblock allocations: kernelcore/movablecore setups might create
         *    situations where ZONE_MOVABLE contains unmovable allocations
         *    after boot. Memory offlining and allocations fail early.
 
                int orig_refs = refs;
 
                /*
-                * Can't do FOLL_LONGTERM + FOLL_PIN with CMA in the gup fast
-                * path, so fail and let the caller fall back to the slow path.
+                * Can't do FOLL_LONGTERM + FOLL_PIN gup fast path if not in a
+                * right zone, so fail and let the caller fall back to the slow
+                * path.
                 */
-               if (unlikely(flags & FOLL_LONGTERM) &&
-                               is_migrate_cma_page(page))
+               if (unlikely((flags & FOLL_LONGTERM) &&
+                            !is_pinnable_page(page)))
                        return NULL;
 
                /*
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_ELF_CORE */
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
-static long check_and_migrate_cma_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
-                                       unsigned long start,
-                                       unsigned long nr_pages,
-                                       struct page **pages,
-                                       struct vm_area_struct **vmas,
-                                       unsigned int gup_flags)
+#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
+static long check_and_migrate_movable_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
+                                           unsigned long start,
+                                           unsigned long nr_pages,
+                                           struct page **pages,
+                                           struct vm_area_struct **vmas,
+                                           unsigned int gup_flags)
 {
        unsigned long i, isolation_error_count;
        bool drain_allow;
-       LIST_HEAD(cma_page_list);
+       LIST_HEAD(movable_page_list);
        long ret = nr_pages;
        struct page *prev_head, *head;
        struct migration_target_control mtc = {
                        continue;
                prev_head = head;
                /*
-                * If we get a page from the CMA zone, since we are going to
-                * be pinning these entries, we might as well move them out
-                * of the CMA zone if possible.
+                * If we get a movable page, since we are going to be pinning
+                * these entries, try to move them out if possible.
                 */
-               if (is_migrate_cma_page(head)) {
+               if (!is_pinnable_page(head)) {
                        if (PageHuge(head)) {
-                               if (!isolate_huge_page(head, &cma_page_list))
+                               if (!isolate_huge_page(head, &movable_page_list))
                                        isolation_error_count++;
                        } else {
                                if (!PageLRU(head) && drain_allow) {
                                        isolation_error_count++;
                                        continue;
                                }
-                               list_add_tail(&head->lru, &cma_page_list);
+                               list_add_tail(&head->lru, &movable_page_list);
                                mod_node_page_state(page_pgdat(head),
                                                    NR_ISOLATED_ANON +
                                                    page_is_file_lru(head),
         * If list is empty, and no isolation errors, means that all pages are
         * in the correct zone.
         */
-       if (list_empty(&cma_page_list) && !isolation_error_count)
+       if (list_empty(&movable_page_list) && !isolation_error_count)
                return ret;
 
-       if (!list_empty(&cma_page_list)) {
+       if (!list_empty(&movable_page_list)) {
                /*
                 * drop the above get_user_pages reference.
                 */
                        for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++)
                                put_page(pages[i]);
 
-               ret = migrate_pages(&cma_page_list, alloc_migration_target,
+               ret = migrate_pages(&movable_page_list, alloc_migration_target,
                                    NULL, (unsigned long)&mtc, MIGRATE_SYNC,
-                                   MR_CONTIG_RANGE);
+                                   MR_LONGTERM_PIN);
                if (ret) {
-                       if (!list_empty(&cma_page_list))
-                               putback_movable_pages(&cma_page_list);
+                       if (!list_empty(&movable_page_list))
+                               putback_movable_pages(&movable_page_list);
                        return ret > 0 ? -ENOMEM : ret;
                }
 
        goto check_again;
 }
 #else
-static long check_and_migrate_cma_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
-                                       unsigned long start,
-                                       unsigned long nr_pages,
-                                       struct page **pages,
-                                       struct vm_area_struct **vmas,
-                                       unsigned int gup_flags)
+static long check_and_migrate_movable_pages(struct mm_struct *mm,
+                                           unsigned long start,
+                                           unsigned long nr_pages,
+                                           struct page **pages,
+                                           struct vm_area_struct **vmas,
+                                           unsigned int gup_flags)
 {
        return nr_pages;
 }
-#endif /* CONFIG_CMA */
+#endif /* CONFIG_MIGRATION */
 
 /*
  * __gup_longterm_locked() is a wrapper for __get_user_pages_locked which
 
        if (gup_flags & FOLL_LONGTERM) {
                if (rc > 0)
-                       rc = check_and_migrate_cma_pages(mm, start, rc, pages,
-                                                        vmas, gup_flags);
+                       rc = check_and_migrate_movable_pages(mm, start, rc,
+                                                            pages, vmas,
+                                                            gup_flags);
                memalloc_pin_restore(flags);
        }
        return rc;