}
 
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(bind4_prog, bind_v4_prog);
+BPF_SKEL_FUNCS_RAW(bind4_prog, bind_v4_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(bind6_prog, bind_v6_prog);
+BPF_SKEL_FUNCS_RAW(bind6_prog, bind_v6_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(connect4_prog, connect_v4_prog);
+BPF_SKEL_FUNCS_RAW(connect4_prog, connect_v4_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(connect6_prog, connect_v6_prog);
+BPF_SKEL_FUNCS_RAW(connect6_prog, connect_v6_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(connect_unix_prog, connect_unix_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(sendmsg4_prog, sendmsg_v4_prog);
+BPF_SKEL_FUNCS_RAW(sendmsg4_prog, sendmsg_v4_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(sendmsg4_prog, sendmsg_v4_deny_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(sendmsg6_prog, sendmsg_v6_prog);
+BPF_SKEL_FUNCS_RAW(sendmsg6_prog, sendmsg_v6_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(sendmsg6_prog, sendmsg_v6_deny_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(sendmsg6_prog, sendmsg_v6_preserve_dst_prog);
 BPF_SKEL_FUNCS(sendmsg6_prog, sendmsg_v6_v4mapped_prog);
                NULL,
                LOAD_REJECT,
        },
+       {
+               SOCK_ADDR_TEST_BIND,
+               "bind4: attach prog with wrong attach type",
+               bind_v4_prog_load_raw,
+               bind_v4_prog_destroy_raw,
+               BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND,
+               &user_ops,
+               AF_INET,
+               SOCK_STREAM,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               ATTACH_REJECT,
+       },
        {
                SOCK_ADDR_TEST_BIND,
                "bind6: bind (stream)",
                NULL,
                LOAD_REJECT,
        },
+       {
+               SOCK_ADDR_TEST_BIND,
+               "bind6: attach prog with wrong attach type",
+               bind_v6_prog_load_raw,
+               bind_v6_prog_destroy_raw,
+               BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND,
+               &user_ops,
+               AF_INET,
+               SOCK_STREAM,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               ATTACH_REJECT,
+       },
 
        /* bind - kernel calls */
        {
                NULL,
                LOAD_REJECT,
        },
+       {
+               SOCK_ADDR_TEST_CONNECT,
+               "connect4: attach prog with wrong attach type",
+               connect_v4_prog_load_raw,
+               connect_v4_prog_destroy_raw,
+               BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT,
+               &user_ops,
+               AF_INET,
+               SOCK_STREAM,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               ATTACH_REJECT,
+       },
        {
                SOCK_ADDR_TEST_CONNECT,
                "connect6: connect (stream)",
                NULL,
                LOAD_REJECT,
        },
+       {
+               SOCK_ADDR_TEST_CONNECT,
+               "connect6: attach prog with wrong attach type",
+               connect_v6_prog_load_raw,
+               connect_v6_prog_destroy_raw,
+               BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT,
+               &user_ops,
+               AF_INET,
+               SOCK_STREAM,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               ATTACH_REJECT,
+       },
        {
                SOCK_ADDR_TEST_CONNECT,
                "connect_unix: connect (stream)",
                NULL,
                LOAD_REJECT,
        },
+       {
+               SOCK_ADDR_TEST_SENDMSG,
+               "sendmsg4: attach prog with wrong attach type",
+               sendmsg_v4_prog_load_raw,
+               sendmsg_v4_prog_destroy_raw,
+               BPF_CGROUP_UDP6_SENDMSG,
+               &user_ops,
+               AF_INET,
+               SOCK_DGRAM,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               ATTACH_REJECT,
+       },
        {
                SOCK_ADDR_TEST_SENDMSG,
                "sendmsg6: sendmsg (dgram)",
                NULL,
                LOAD_REJECT,
        },
+       {
+               SOCK_ADDR_TEST_SENDMSG,
+               "sendmsg6: attach prog with wrong attach type",
+               sendmsg_v6_prog_load_raw,
+               sendmsg_v6_prog_destroy_raw,
+               BPF_CGROUP_UDP4_SENDMSG,
+               &user_ops,
+               AF_INET6,
+               SOCK_DGRAM,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               0,
+               NULL,
+               ATTACH_REJECT,
+       },
        {
                SOCK_ADDR_TEST_SENDMSG,
                "sendmsg_unix: sendmsg (dgram)",
 
        } expected_result;
 };
 
-static int bind4_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test);
-static int bind6_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test);
-static int connect4_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test);
-static int connect6_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test);
 static int sendmsg4_rw_asm_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test);
 static int sendmsg6_rw_asm_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test);
 
 static struct sock_addr_test tests[] = {
-       /* bind */
-       {
-               "bind4: attach prog with wrong attach type",
-               bind4_prog_load,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND,
-               AF_INET,
-               SOCK_STREAM,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               ATTACH_REJECT,
-       },
-       {
-               "bind6: attach prog with wrong attach type",
-               bind6_prog_load,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND,
-               AF_INET,
-               SOCK_STREAM,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               ATTACH_REJECT,
-       },
-
-       /* connect */
-       {
-               "connect4: attach prog with wrong attach type",
-               connect4_prog_load,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT,
-               AF_INET,
-               SOCK_STREAM,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               ATTACH_REJECT,
-       },
-       {
-               "connect6: attach prog with wrong attach type",
-               connect6_prog_load,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT,
-               BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT,
-               AF_INET,
-               SOCK_STREAM,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               ATTACH_REJECT,
-       },
-
        /* sendmsg */
-       {
-               "sendmsg4: attach prog with wrong attach type",
-               sendmsg4_rw_asm_prog_load,
-               BPF_CGROUP_UDP4_SENDMSG,
-               BPF_CGROUP_UDP6_SENDMSG,
-               AF_INET,
-               SOCK_DGRAM,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               ATTACH_REJECT,
-       },
        {
                "sendmsg4: rewrite IP & port (asm)",
                sendmsg4_rw_asm_prog_load,
                SRC4_REWRITE_IP,
                SUCCESS,
        },
-       {
-               "sendmsg6: attach prog with wrong attach type",
-               sendmsg6_rw_asm_prog_load,
-               BPF_CGROUP_UDP6_SENDMSG,
-               BPF_CGROUP_UDP4_SENDMSG,
-               AF_INET6,
-               SOCK_DGRAM,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               0,
-               NULL,
-               ATTACH_REJECT,
-       },
        {
                "sendmsg6: rewrite IP & port (asm)",
                sendmsg6_rw_asm_prog_load,
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int load_path(const struct sock_addr_test *test, const char *path)
-{
-       struct bpf_object *obj;
-       struct bpf_program *prog;
-       int err;
-
-       obj = bpf_object__open_file(path, NULL);
-       err = libbpf_get_error(obj);
-       if (err) {
-               log_err(">>> Opening BPF object (%s) error.\n", path);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       prog = bpf_object__next_program(obj, NULL);
-       if (!prog)
-               goto err_out;
-
-       bpf_program__set_type(prog, BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR);
-       bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(prog, test->expected_attach_type);
-       bpf_program__set_flags(prog, testing_prog_flags());
-
-       err = bpf_object__load(obj);
-       if (err) {
-               if (test->expected_result != LOAD_REJECT)
-                       log_err(">>> Loading program (%s) error.\n", path);
-               goto err_out;
-       }
-
-       return bpf_program__fd(prog);
-err_out:
-       bpf_object__close(obj);
-       return -1;
-}
-
-static int bind4_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test)
-{
-       return load_path(test, BIND4_PROG_PATH);
-}
-
-static int bind6_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test)
-{
-       return load_path(test, BIND6_PROG_PATH);
-}
-
-static int connect4_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test)
-{
-       return load_path(test, CONNECT4_PROG_PATH);
-}
-
-static int connect6_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test)
-{
-       return load_path(test, CONNECT6_PROG_PATH);
-}
-
 static int sendmsg4_rw_asm_prog_load(const struct sock_addr_test *test)
 {
        struct sockaddr_in dst4_rw_addr;