extern struct dm_block_validator btree_node_validator;
 
+/*
+ * Value type for upper levels of multi-level btrees.
+ */
+extern void init_le64_type(struct dm_transaction_manager *tm,
+                          struct dm_btree_value_type *vt);
+
 #endif /* DM_BTREE_INTERNAL_H */
 
        return r;
 }
 
-static struct dm_btree_value_type le64_type = {
-       .context = NULL,
-       .size = sizeof(__le64),
-       .inc = NULL,
-       .dec = NULL,
-       .equal = NULL
-};
-
 int dm_btree_remove(struct dm_btree_info *info, dm_block_t root,
                    uint64_t *keys, dm_block_t *new_root)
 {
        int index = 0, r = 0;
        struct shadow_spine spine;
        struct btree_node *n;
+       struct dm_btree_value_type le64_vt;
 
+       init_le64_type(info->tm, &le64_vt);
        init_shadow_spine(&spine, info);
        for (level = 0; level < info->levels; level++) {
                r = remove_raw(&spine, info,
                               (level == last_level ?
-                               &info->value_type : &le64_type),
+                               &info->value_type : &le64_vt),
                               root, keys[level], (unsigned *)&index);
                if (r < 0)
                        break;
        int index = 0, r = 0;
        struct shadow_spine spine;
        struct btree_node *n;
+       struct dm_btree_value_type le64_vt;
        uint64_t k;
 
+       init_le64_type(info->tm, &le64_vt);
        init_shadow_spine(&spine, info);
        for (level = 0; level < last_level; level++) {
-               r = remove_raw(&spine, info, &le64_type,
+               r = remove_raw(&spine, info, &le64_vt,
                               root, keys[level], (unsigned *) &index);
                if (r < 0)
                        goto out;
 
 {
        return s->root;
 }
+
+static void le64_inc(void *context, const void *value_le)
+{
+       struct dm_transaction_manager *tm = context;
+       __le64 v_le;
+
+       memcpy(&v_le, value_le, sizeof(v_le));
+       dm_tm_inc(tm, le64_to_cpu(v_le));
+}
+
+static void le64_dec(void *context, const void *value_le)
+{
+       struct dm_transaction_manager *tm = context;
+       __le64 v_le;
+
+       memcpy(&v_le, value_le, sizeof(v_le));
+       dm_tm_dec(tm, le64_to_cpu(v_le));
+}
+
+static int le64_equal(void *context, const void *value1_le, const void *value2_le)
+{
+       __le64 v1_le, v2_le;
+
+       memcpy(&v1_le, value1_le, sizeof(v1_le));
+       memcpy(&v2_le, value2_le, sizeof(v2_le));
+       return v1_le == v2_le;
+}
+
+void init_le64_type(struct dm_transaction_manager *tm,
+                   struct dm_btree_value_type *vt)
+{
+       vt->context = tm;
+       vt->size = sizeof(__le64);
+       vt->inc = le64_inc;
+       vt->dec = le64_dec;
+       vt->equal = le64_equal;
+}
 
        struct btree_node *n;
        struct dm_btree_value_type le64_type;
 
-       le64_type.context = NULL;
-       le64_type.size = sizeof(__le64);
-       le64_type.inc = NULL;
-       le64_type.dec = NULL;
-       le64_type.equal = NULL;
-
+       init_le64_type(info->tm, &le64_type);
        init_shadow_spine(&spine, info);
 
        for (level = 0; level < (info->levels - 1); level++) {