override MAKEFLAGS =
 endif
 
+BUILD := $(O)
+ifndef BUILD
+  BUILD := $(KBUILD_OUTPUT)
+endif
+ifndef BUILD
+  BUILD := $(shell pwd)
+endif
+
+export BUILD
 all:
-       for TARGET in $(TARGETS); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET; \
+       for TARGET in $(TARGETS); do            \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               mkdir $$BUILD_TARGET  -p;       \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET;\
        done;
 
 run_tests: all
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET run_tests; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET run_tests;\
        done;
 
 hotplug:
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS_HOTPLUG); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET;\
        done;
 
 run_hotplug: hotplug
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS_HOTPLUG); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET run_full_test; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET run_full_test;\
        done;
 
 clean_hotplug:
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS_HOTPLUG); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET clean; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET clean;\
        done;
 
 run_pstore_crash:
        @# Ask all targets to install their files
        mkdir -p $(INSTALL_PATH)
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET INSTALL_PATH=$(INSTALL_PATH)/$$TARGET install; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET INSTALL_PATH=$(INSTALL_PATH)/$$TARGET install; \
        done;
 
        @# Ask all targets to emit their test scripts
        echo "ROOT=\$$PWD" >> $(ALL_SCRIPT)
 
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS); do \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
                echo "echo ; echo Running tests in $$TARGET" >> $(ALL_SCRIPT); \
                echo "echo ========================================" >> $(ALL_SCRIPT); \
                echo "cd $$TARGET" >> $(ALL_SCRIPT); \
-               make -s --no-print-directory -C $$TARGET emit_tests >> $(ALL_SCRIPT); \
+               make -s --no-print-directory OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET emit_tests >> $(ALL_SCRIPT); \
                echo "cd \$$ROOT" >> $(ALL_SCRIPT); \
        done;
 
 
 clean:
        for TARGET in $(TARGETS); do \
-               make -C $$TARGET clean; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$BUILD/$$TARGET;  \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET clean;\
        done;
 
 .PHONY: install
 
 # Makefile is a run-time dependency, since it's accessed by the execveat test
 TEST_FILES := Makefile
 
-EXTRA_CLEAN := subdir.moved execveat.moved xxxxx*
+EXTRA_CLEAN := $(OUTPUT)/subdir.moved $(OUTPUT)/execveat.moved $(OUTPUT)/xxxxx*
 
 include ../lib.mk
 
-subdir:
+$(OUTPUT)/subdir:
        mkdir -p $@
-script:
+$(OUTPUT)/script:
        echo '#!/bin/sh' > $@
        echo 'exit $$*' >> $@
        chmod +x $@
-execveat.symlink: execveat
-       ln -s -f $< $@
-execveat.denatured: execveat
+$(OUTPUT)/execveat.symlink: $(OUTPUT)/execveat
+       cd $(OUTPUT) && ln -s -f $(shell basename $<) $(shell basename $@)
+$(OUTPUT)/execveat.denatured: $(OUTPUT)/execveat
        cp $< $@
        chmod -x $@
+
 
 
 TEST_PROGS := ftracetest
 TEST_FILES := test.d
-EXTRA_CLEAN := logs/*
+EXTRA_CLEAN := $(OUTPUT)/logs/*
 
 include ../lib.mk
 
 TEST_PROGS := run.sh
 
 .PHONY: all clean
-all:
-       for DIR in $(SUBDIRS); do $(MAKE) -C $$DIR $@ ; done
 
 include ../lib.mk
 
+all:
+       for DIR in $(SUBDIRS); do               \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$DIR;    \
+               mkdir $$BUILD_TARGET  -p;       \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$DIR $@;\
+       done
+
 override define RUN_TESTS
-       ./run.sh
+       @if [ `dirname $(OUTPUT)` = $(PWD) ]; then ./run.sh; fi
 endef
 
 override define INSTALL_RULE
        install -t $(INSTALL_PATH) $(TEST_PROGS) $(TEST_PROGS_EXTENDED) $(TEST_FILES)
 
        @for SUBDIR in $(SUBDIRS); do \
-               $(MAKE) -C $$SUBDIR INSTALL_PATH=$(INSTALL_PATH)/$$SUBDIR install; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$SUBDIR; \
+               mkdir $$BUILD_TARGET  -p;       \
+               $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$SUBDIR INSTALL_PATH=$(INSTALL_PATH)/$$SUBDIR install; \
        done;
 endef
 
 endef
 
 clean:
-       for DIR in $(SUBDIRS); do $(MAKE) -C $$DIR $@ ; done
+       for DIR in $(SUBDIRS); do               \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$DIR;    \
+               mkdir $$BUILD_TARGET  -p;       \
+               make OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$DIR $@;\
+       done
 
 
 TEST_GEN_PROGS := kcmp_test
 
-EXTRA_CLEAN := kcmp-test-file
+EXTRA_CLEAN := $(OUTPUT)/kcmp-test-file
 
 include ../lib.mk
 
 
 
 define RUN_TESTS
        @for TEST in $(TEST_GEN_PROGS) $(TEST_PROGS); do \
-               (./$$TEST && echo "selftests: $$TEST [PASS]") || echo "selftests: $$TEST [FAIL]"; \
+               BASENAME_TEST=`basename $$TEST`;        \
+               cd `dirname $$TEST`; (./$$BASENAME_TEST && echo "selftests: $$BASENAME_TEST [PASS]") || echo "selftests:  $$BASENAME_TEST [FAIL]"; cd -;\
        done;
 endef
 
 
 define EMIT_TESTS
        @for TEST in $(TEST_GEN_PROGS) $(TEST_PROGS); do \
-               echo "(./$$TEST && echo \"selftests: $$TEST [PASS]\") || echo \"selftests: $$TEST [FAIL]\""; \
+               BASENAME_TEST=`basename $$TEST`;        \
+               echo "(./$$BASENAME_TEST && echo \"selftests: $$BASENAME_TEST [PASS]\") || echo \"selftests: $$BASENAME_TEST [FAIL]\""; \
        done;
 endef
 
 emit_tests:
        $(EMIT_TESTS)
 
+TEST_GEN_PROGS := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%,$(TEST_GEN_PROGS))
+TEST_GEN_FILES := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%,$(TEST_GEN_FILES))
+
 all: $(TEST_GEN_PROGS) $(TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED) $(TEST_GEN_FILES)
 
 clean:
        $(RM) -r $(TEST_GEN_PROGS) $(TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED) $(TEST_GEN_FILES) $(EXTRA_CLEAN)
 
-%: %.c
-       $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS) -o $@ $^
+$(OUTPUT)/%:%.c
+       $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OUTPUT)/%.o:%.S
+       $(CC) $(ASFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+$(OUTPUT)/%:%.S
+       $(CC) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@
 
 .PHONY: run_tests all clean install emit_tests
 
 all: $(SUB_DIRS)
 
 $(SUB_DIRS):
-       $(MAKE) -k -C $@ all
+       BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$@; mkdir -p $$BUILD_TARGET; $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -k -C $@ all
 
 include ../lib.mk
 
 override define RUN_TESTS
        @for TARGET in $(SUB_DIRS); do \
-               $(MAKE) -C $$TARGET run_tests; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; \
+               $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET run_tests;\
        done;
 endef
 
 override define INSTALL_RULE
        @for TARGET in $(SUB_DIRS); do \
-               $(MAKE) -C $$TARGET install; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; \
+               $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET install;\
        done;
 endef
 
 override define EMIT_TESTS
        @for TARGET in $(SUB_DIRS); do \
-               $(MAKE) -s -C $$TARGET emit_tests; \
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; \
+               $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -s -C $$TARGET emit_tests;\
        done;
 endef
 
 clean:
        @for TARGET in $(SUB_DIRS); do \
-               $(MAKE) -C $$TARGET clean; \
-       done;
+               BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; \
+               $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET clean;\ done;
        rm -f tags
 
 tags:
 
 
 include ../../lib.mk
 
-context_switch: ../utils.c
-context_switch: CFLAGS += -maltivec -mvsx -mabi=altivec
-context_switch: LDLIBS += -lpthread
+$(OUTPUT)/context_switch: ../utils.c
+$(OUTPUT)/context_switch: CFLAGS += -maltivec -mvsx -mabi=altivec
+$(OUTPUT)/context_switch: LDLIBS += -lpthread
 
 
 include ../../lib.mk
 
-copyuser_64:     CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test___copy_tofrom_user_base
-copyuser_power7: CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test___copy_tofrom_user_power7
-memcpy_64:       CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test_memcpy
-memcpy_power7:   CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test_memcpy_power7
+$(OUTPUT)/copyuser_64:     CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test___copy_tofrom_user_base
+$(OUTPUT)/copyuser_power7: CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test___copy_tofrom_user_power7
+$(OUTPUT)/memcpy_64:       CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test_memcpy
+$(OUTPUT)/memcpy_power7:   CPPFLAGS += -D COPY_LOOP=test_memcpy_power7
 
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): $(EXTRA_SOURCES)
 
 
 include ../../lib.mk
 
-dscr_default_test: LDLIBS += -lpthread
+$(OUTPUT)/dscr_default_test: LDLIBS += -lpthread
 
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): ../harness.c
 
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): ../harness.c
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): CFLAGS += -O2 -g -pthread -m64 -maltivec
 
-fpu_syscall: fpu_asm.S
-fpu_preempt: fpu_asm.S
-fpu_signal:  fpu_asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/pu_syscall: fpu_asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/pu_preempt: fpu_asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/pu_signal:  fpu_asm.S
 
-vmx_syscall: vmx_asm.S
-vmx_preempt: vmx_asm.S
-vmx_signal: vmx_asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/mx_syscall: vmx_asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/mx_preempt: vmx_asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/mx_signal: vmx_asm.S
 
 vsx_preempt: CFLAGS += -mvsx
 vsx_preempt: vsx_asm.S
 
 
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): ../harness.c
 
-prot_sao: ../utils.c
+$(OUTPUT)/prot_sao: ../utils.c
 
-tempfile:
-       dd if=/dev/zero of=tempfile bs=64k count=1
+$(OUTPUT)/tempfile:
+       dd if=/dev/zero of=$@ bs=64k count=1
 
 
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): $(EXTRA_SOURCES)
 
 # loop.S can only be built 64-bit
-count_instructions: loop.S count_instructions.c $(EXTRA_SOURCES)
+$(OUTPUT)/count_instructions: loop.S count_instructions.c $(EXTRA_SOURCES)
        $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -m64 -o $@ $^
 
-per_event_excludes: ../utils.c
+$(OUTPUT)/per_event_excludes: ../utils.c
 
 DEFAULT_RUN_TESTS := $(RUN_TESTS)
 override define RUN_TESTS
        $(DEFAULT_RUN_TESTS)
-       $(MAKE) -C ebb run_tests
+       TARGET=ebb; BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -C $$TARGET run_tests
 endef
 
 DEFAULT_EMIT_TESTS := $(EMIT_TESTS)
 override define EMIT_TESTS
        $(DEFAULT_EMIT_TESTS)
-       $(MAKE) -s -C ebb emit_tests
+       TARGET=ebb; BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -s -C $$TARGET emit_tests
 endef
 
 DEFAULT_INSTALL_RULE := $(INSTALL_RULE)
 override define INSTALL_RULE
        $(DEFAULT_INSTALL_RULE)
-       $(MAKE) -C ebb install
+       TARGET=ebb; BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET: -C $$TARGET install
 endef
 
 clean:
-       $(RM) $(TEST_PROGS) loop.o
-       $(MAKE) -C ebb clean
+       $(RM) $(TEST_GEN_PROGS) $(OUTPUT)/loop.o
+       TARGET=ebb; BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET: -C $$TARGET clean
 
 ebb:
-       $(MAKE) -k -C $@ all
+       TARGET=$@; BUILD_TARGET=$$OUTPUT/$$TARGET; mkdir -p $$BUILD_TARGET; $(MAKE) OUTPUT=$$BUILD_TARGET -k -C $$TARGET all
 
 .PHONY: all run_tests clean ebb
 
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): ../../harness.c ../../utils.c ../event.c ../lib.c \
               ebb.c ebb_handler.S trace.c busy_loop.S
 
-instruction_count_test: ../loop.S
+$(OUTPUT)/instruction_count_test: ../loop.S
 
-lost_exception_test: ../lib.c
+$(OUTPUT)/lost_exception_test: ../lib.c
 
 
 ASFLAGS += -O2 -Wall -g -nostdlib -m64
 
-EXTRA_CLEAN = *.o check-reversed.S
+EXTRA_CLEAN = $(OUTPUT)/*.o $(OUTPUT)/check-reversed.S
 
 include ../../lib.mk
 
-switch_endian_test: check-reversed.S
+$(OUTPUT)/switch_endian_test: $(OUTPUT)/check-reversed.S
 
-check-reversed.o: check.o
+$(OUTPUT)/check-reversed.o: $(OUTPUT)/check.o
        $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy -j .text --reverse-bytes=4 -O binary $< $@
 
-check-reversed.S: check-reversed.o
+$(OUTPUT)/check-reversed.S: $(OUTPUT)/check-reversed.o
        hexdump -v -e '/1 ".byte 0x%02X\n"' $< > $@
 
 
 CFLAGS += -mhtm
 
-tm-syscall: tm-syscall-asm.S
-tm-syscall: CFLAGS += -I../../../../../usr/include
-tm-tmspr: CFLAGS += -pthread
+$(OUTPUT)/tm-syscall: tm-syscall-asm.S
+$(OUTPUT)/tm-syscall: CFLAGS += -I../../../../../usr/include
+$(OUTPUT)/tm-tmspr: CFLAGS += -pthread
 
 $(SIGNAL_CONTEXT_CHK_TESTS): tm-signal.S
 $(SIGNAL_CONTEXT_CHK_TESTS): CFLAGS += -mhtm -m64 -mvsx
 
 
 include ../lib.mk
 
-userfaultfd: LDLIBS += -lpthread ../../../../usr/include/linux/kernel.h
-mlock-random-test: LDLIBS += -lcap
+$(OUTPUT)/userfaultfd: LDLIBS += -lpthread ../../../../usr/include/linux/kernel.h
+$(OUTPUT)/mlock-random-test: LDLIBS += -lcap
 
 ../../../../usr/include/linux/kernel.h:
        make -C ../../../.. headers_install
 
 BINARIES_32 := $(TARGETS_C_32BIT_ALL:%=%_32)
 BINARIES_64 := $(TARGETS_C_64BIT_ALL:%=%_64)
 
+BINARIES_32 := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%,$(BINARIES_32))
+BINARIES_64 := $(patsubst %,$(OUTPUT)/%,$(BINARIES_64))
+
 CFLAGS := -O2 -g -std=gnu99 -pthread -Wall
 
 UNAME_M := $(shell uname -m)
 clean:
        $(RM) $(BINARIES_32) $(BINARIES_64)
 
-$(TARGETS_C_32BIT_ALL:%=%_32): %_32: %.c
+$(BINARIES_32): $(OUTPUT)/%_32: %.c
        $(CC) -m32 -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $^ -lrt -ldl -lm
 
-$(TARGETS_C_64BIT_ALL:%=%_64): %_64: %.c
+$(BINARIES_64): $(OUTPUT)/%_64: %.c
        $(CC) -m64 -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $^ -lrt -ldl
 
 # x86_64 users should be encouraged to install 32-bit libraries
 endif
 
 # Some tests have additional dependencies.
-sysret_ss_attrs_64: thunks.S
-ptrace_syscall_32: raw_syscall_helper_32.S
-test_syscall_vdso_32: thunks_32.S
+$(OUTPUT)/sysret_ss_attrs_64: thunks.S
+$(OUTPUT)/ptrace_syscall_32: raw_syscall_helper_32.S
+$(OUTPUT)/test_syscall_vdso_32: thunks_32.S
 
 # check_initial_reg_state is special: it needs a custom entry, and it
 # needs to be static so that its interpreter doesn't destroy its initial
 # state.
-check_initial_reg_state_32: CFLAGS += -Wl,-ereal_start -static
-check_initial_reg_state_64: CFLAGS += -Wl,-ereal_start -static
+$(OUTPUT)/check_initial_reg_state_32: CFLAGS += -Wl,-ereal_start -static
+$(OUTPUT)/check_initial_reg_state_64: CFLAGS += -Wl,-ereal_start -static