]> www.infradead.org Git - users/jedix/linux-maple.git/commitdiff
bpf: Add bloom filter map implementation
authorJoanne Koong <joannekoong@fb.com>
Wed, 27 Oct 2021 23:45:00 +0000 (16:45 -0700)
committerAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Thu, 28 Oct 2021 20:22:49 +0000 (13:22 -0700)
This patch adds the kernel-side changes for the implementation of
a bpf bloom filter map.

The bloom filter map supports peek (determining whether an element
is present in the map) and push (adding an element to the map)
operations.These operations are exposed to userspace applications
through the already existing syscalls in the following way:

BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM -> peek
BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM -> push

The bloom filter map does not have keys, only values. In light of
this, the bloom filter map's API matches that of queue stack maps:
user applications use BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM/BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM
which correspond internally to bpf_map_peek_elem/bpf_map_push_elem,
and bpf programs must use the bpf_map_peek_elem and bpf_map_push_elem
APIs to query or add an element to the bloom filter map. When the
bloom filter map is created, it must be created with a key_size of 0.

For updates, the user will pass in the element to add to the map
as the value, with a NULL key. For lookups, the user will pass in the
element to query in the map as the value, with a NULL key. In the
verifier layer, this requires us to modify the argument type of
a bloom filter's BPF_FUNC_map_peek_elem call to ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE;
as well, in the syscall layer, we need to copy over the user value
so that in bpf_map_peek_elem, we know which specific value to query.

A few things to please take note of:
 * If there are any concurrent lookups + updates, the user is
responsible for synchronizing this to ensure no false negative lookups
occur.
 * The number of hashes to use for the bloom filter is configurable from
userspace. If no number is specified, the default used will be 5 hash
functions. The benchmarks later in this patchset can help compare the
performance of using different number of hashes on different entry
sizes. In general, using more hashes decreases both the false positive
rate and the speed of a lookup.
 * Deleting an element in the bloom filter map is not supported.
 * The bloom filter map may be used as an inner map.
 * The "max_entries" size that is specified at map creation time is used
to approximate a reasonable bitmap size for the bloom filter, and is not
otherwise strictly enforced. If the user wishes to insert more entries
into the bloom filter than "max_entries", they may do so but they should
be aware that this may lead to a higher false positive rate.

Signed-off-by: Joanne Koong <joannekoong@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20211027234504.30744-2-joannekoong@fb.com
include/linux/bpf.h
include/linux/bpf_types.h
include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
kernel/bpf/Makefile
kernel/bpf/bloom_filter.c [new file with mode: 0644]
kernel/bpf/syscall.c
kernel/bpf/verifier.c
tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h

index 31421c74ba0811dcec9766359ff89e941535cefa..50105e0b8fcc0df950e28d9170b8d8b2109f164c 100644 (file)
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ struct bpf_map {
        u32 value_size;
        u32 max_entries;
        u32 map_flags;
+       u64 map_extra; /* any per-map-type extra fields */
        int spin_lock_off; /* >=0 valid offset, <0 error */
        int timer_off; /* >=0 valid offset, <0 error */
        u32 id;
index 9c81724e4b9850657ac484c9f5322b2fba905429..c4424ac2fa029d7651ec668f4e4f6c24dfd4a092 100644 (file)
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ BPF_MAP_TYPE(BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK, stack_map_ops)
 BPF_MAP_TYPE(BPF_MAP_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS, bpf_struct_ops_map_ops)
 #endif
 BPF_MAP_TYPE(BPF_MAP_TYPE_RINGBUF, ringbuf_map_ops)
+BPF_MAP_TYPE(BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER, bloom_filter_map_ops)
 
 BPF_LINK_TYPE(BPF_LINK_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT, raw_tracepoint)
 BPF_LINK_TYPE(BPF_LINK_TYPE_TRACING, tracing)
index c108200378834c4b0278419a63d45defbf8cc822..8bead4aa3ad04dcfd9f554669ddbaaad49e830ec 100644 (file)
@@ -906,6 +906,7 @@ enum bpf_map_type {
        BPF_MAP_TYPE_RINGBUF,
        BPF_MAP_TYPE_INODE_STORAGE,
        BPF_MAP_TYPE_TASK_STORAGE,
+       BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER,
 };
 
 /* Note that tracing related programs such as
@@ -1274,6 +1275,13 @@ union bpf_attr {
                                                   * struct stored as the
                                                   * map value
                                                   */
+               /* Any per-map-type extra fields
+                *
+                * BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER - the lowest 4 bits indicate the
+                * number of hash functions (if 0, the bloom filter will default
+                * to using 5 hash functions).
+                */
+               __u64   map_extra;
        };
 
        struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_MAP_*_ELEM commands */
@@ -5638,6 +5646,7 @@ struct bpf_map_info {
        __u32 btf_id;
        __u32 btf_key_type_id;
        __u32 btf_value_type_id;
+       __u64 map_extra;
 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
 
 struct bpf_btf_info {
index 7f33098ca63fb54ebc8eb9090b6fe1e33b513e8c..cf6ca339f3cd8d713d6379c73ba20bf08610c427 100644 (file)
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ endif
 CFLAGS_core.o += $(call cc-disable-warning, override-init) $(cflags-nogcse-yy)
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL) += syscall.o verifier.o inode.o helpers.o tnum.o bpf_iter.o map_iter.o task_iter.o prog_iter.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL) += hashtab.o arraymap.o percpu_freelist.o bpf_lru_list.o lpm_trie.o map_in_map.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL) += hashtab.o arraymap.o percpu_freelist.o bpf_lru_list.o lpm_trie.o map_in_map.o bloom_filter.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL) += local_storage.o queue_stack_maps.o ringbuf.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL) += bpf_local_storage.o bpf_task_storage.o
 obj-${CONFIG_BPF_LSM}    += bpf_inode_storage.o
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/bloom_filter.c b/kernel/bpf/bloom_filter.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..7c50232
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Copyright (c) 2021 Facebook */
+
+#include <linux/bitmap.h>
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/btf.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/jhash.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+
+#define BLOOM_CREATE_FLAG_MASK \
+       (BPF_F_NUMA_NODE | BPF_F_ZERO_SEED | BPF_F_ACCESS_MASK)
+
+struct bpf_bloom_filter {
+       struct bpf_map map;
+       u32 bitset_mask;
+       u32 hash_seed;
+       /* If the size of the values in the bloom filter is u32 aligned,
+        * then it is more performant to use jhash2 as the underlying hash
+        * function, else we use jhash. This tracks the number of u32s
+        * in an u32-aligned value size. If the value size is not u32 aligned,
+        * this will be 0.
+        */
+       u32 aligned_u32_count;
+       u32 nr_hash_funcs;
+       unsigned long bitset[];
+};
+
+static u32 hash(struct bpf_bloom_filter *bloom, void *value,
+               u32 value_size, u32 index)
+{
+       u32 h;
+
+       if (bloom->aligned_u32_count)
+               h = jhash2(value, bloom->aligned_u32_count,
+                          bloom->hash_seed + index);
+       else
+               h = jhash(value, value_size, bloom->hash_seed + index);
+
+       return h & bloom->bitset_mask;
+}
+
+static int peek_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *value)
+{
+       struct bpf_bloom_filter *bloom =
+               container_of(map, struct bpf_bloom_filter, map);
+       u32 i, h;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < bloom->nr_hash_funcs; i++) {
+               h = hash(bloom, value, map->value_size, i);
+               if (!test_bit(h, bloom->bitset))
+                       return -ENOENT;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int push_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *value, u64 flags)
+{
+       struct bpf_bloom_filter *bloom =
+               container_of(map, struct bpf_bloom_filter, map);
+       u32 i, h;
+
+       if (flags != BPF_ANY)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < bloom->nr_hash_funcs; i++) {
+               h = hash(bloom, value, map->value_size, i);
+               set_bit(h, bloom->bitset);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int pop_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *value)
+{
+       return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+}
+
+static struct bpf_map *map_alloc(union bpf_attr *attr)
+{
+       u32 bitset_bytes, bitset_mask, nr_hash_funcs, nr_bits;
+       int numa_node = bpf_map_attr_numa_node(attr);
+       struct bpf_bloom_filter *bloom;
+
+       if (!bpf_capable())
+               return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+
+       if (attr->key_size != 0 || attr->value_size == 0 ||
+           attr->max_entries == 0 ||
+           attr->map_flags & ~BLOOM_CREATE_FLAG_MASK ||
+           !bpf_map_flags_access_ok(attr->map_flags) ||
+           (attr->map_extra & ~0xF))
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+       /* The lower 4 bits of map_extra specify the number of hash functions */
+       nr_hash_funcs = attr->map_extra & 0xF;
+       if (nr_hash_funcs == 0)
+               /* Default to using 5 hash functions if unspecified */
+               nr_hash_funcs = 5;
+
+       /* For the bloom filter, the optimal bit array size that minimizes the
+        * false positive probability is n * k / ln(2) where n is the number of
+        * expected entries in the bloom filter and k is the number of hash
+        * functions. We use 7 / 5 to approximate 1 / ln(2).
+        *
+        * We round this up to the nearest power of two to enable more efficient
+        * hashing using bitmasks. The bitmask will be the bit array size - 1.
+        *
+        * If this overflows a u32, the bit array size will have 2^32 (4
+        * GB) bits.
+        */
+       if (check_mul_overflow(attr->max_entries, nr_hash_funcs, &nr_bits) ||
+           check_mul_overflow(nr_bits / 5, (u32)7, &nr_bits) ||
+           nr_bits > (1UL << 31)) {
+               /* The bit array size is 2^32 bits but to avoid overflowing the
+                * u32, we use U32_MAX, which will round up to the equivalent
+                * number of bytes
+                */
+               bitset_bytes = BITS_TO_BYTES(U32_MAX);
+               bitset_mask = U32_MAX;
+       } else {
+               if (nr_bits <= BITS_PER_LONG)
+                       nr_bits = BITS_PER_LONG;
+               else
+                       nr_bits = roundup_pow_of_two(nr_bits);
+               bitset_bytes = BITS_TO_BYTES(nr_bits);
+               bitset_mask = nr_bits - 1;
+       }
+
+       bitset_bytes = roundup(bitset_bytes, sizeof(unsigned long));
+       bloom = bpf_map_area_alloc(sizeof(*bloom) + bitset_bytes, numa_node);
+
+       if (!bloom)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       bpf_map_init_from_attr(&bloom->map, attr);
+
+       bloom->nr_hash_funcs = nr_hash_funcs;
+       bloom->bitset_mask = bitset_mask;
+
+       /* Check whether the value size is u32-aligned */
+       if ((attr->value_size & (sizeof(u32) - 1)) == 0)
+               bloom->aligned_u32_count =
+                       attr->value_size / sizeof(u32);
+
+       if (!(attr->map_flags & BPF_F_ZERO_SEED))
+               bloom->hash_seed = get_random_int();
+
+       return &bloom->map;
+}
+
+static void map_free(struct bpf_map *map)
+{
+       struct bpf_bloom_filter *bloom =
+               container_of(map, struct bpf_bloom_filter, map);
+
+       bpf_map_area_free(bloom);
+}
+
+static void *lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key)
+{
+       /* The eBPF program should use map_peek_elem instead */
+       return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+static int update_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key,
+                      void *value, u64 flags)
+{
+       /* The eBPF program should use map_push_elem instead */
+       return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int check_btf(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf *btf,
+                    const struct btf_type *key_type,
+                    const struct btf_type *value_type)
+{
+       /* Bloom filter maps are keyless */
+       return btf_type_is_void(key_type) ? 0 : -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int bpf_bloom_btf_id;
+const struct bpf_map_ops bloom_filter_map_ops = {
+       .map_meta_equal = bpf_map_meta_equal,
+       .map_alloc = map_alloc,
+       .map_free = map_free,
+       .map_push_elem = push_elem,
+       .map_peek_elem = peek_elem,
+       .map_pop_elem = pop_elem,
+       .map_lookup_elem = lookup_elem,
+       .map_update_elem = update_elem,
+       .map_check_btf = check_btf,
+       .map_btf_name = "bpf_bloom_filter",
+       .map_btf_id = &bpf_bloom_btf_id,
+};
index 3e1c024ce3ed14673e5021ae6e7226c02b0393fa..f7c2c6354add944917da1baabcb11a10dfb0bf9f 100644 (file)
@@ -199,7 +199,8 @@ static int bpf_map_update_value(struct bpf_map *map, struct fd f, void *key,
                err = bpf_fd_reuseport_array_update_elem(map, key, value,
                                                         flags);
        } else if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE ||
-                  map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK) {
+                  map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK ||
+                  map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER) {
                err = map->ops->map_push_elem(map, value, flags);
        } else {
                rcu_read_lock();
@@ -238,7 +239,8 @@ static int bpf_map_copy_value(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, void *value,
        } else if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_REUSEPORT_SOCKARRAY) {
                err = bpf_fd_reuseport_array_lookup_elem(map, key, value);
        } else if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE ||
-                  map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK) {
+                  map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK ||
+                  map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER) {
                err = map->ops->map_peek_elem(map, value);
        } else if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS) {
                /* struct_ops map requires directly updating "value" */
@@ -348,6 +350,7 @@ void bpf_map_init_from_attr(struct bpf_map *map, union bpf_attr *attr)
        map->max_entries = attr->max_entries;
        map->map_flags = bpf_map_flags_retain_permanent(attr->map_flags);
        map->numa_node = bpf_map_attr_numa_node(attr);
+       map->map_extra = attr->map_extra;
 }
 
 static int bpf_map_alloc_id(struct bpf_map *map)
@@ -553,6 +556,7 @@ static void bpf_map_show_fdinfo(struct seq_file *m, struct file *filp)
                   "value_size:\t%u\n"
                   "max_entries:\t%u\n"
                   "map_flags:\t%#x\n"
+                  "map_extra:\t%#llx\n"
                   "memlock:\t%lu\n"
                   "map_id:\t%u\n"
                   "frozen:\t%u\n",
@@ -561,6 +565,7 @@ static void bpf_map_show_fdinfo(struct seq_file *m, struct file *filp)
                   map->value_size,
                   map->max_entries,
                   map->map_flags,
+                  (unsigned long long)map->map_extra,
                   bpf_map_memory_footprint(map),
                   map->id,
                   READ_ONCE(map->frozen));
@@ -810,7 +815,7 @@ static int map_check_btf(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf *btf,
        return ret;
 }
 
-#define BPF_MAP_CREATE_LAST_FIELD btf_vmlinux_value_type_id
+#define BPF_MAP_CREATE_LAST_FIELD map_extra
 /* called via syscall */
 static int map_create(union bpf_attr *attr)
 {
@@ -831,6 +836,10 @@ static int map_create(union bpf_attr *attr)
                return -EINVAL;
        }
 
+       if (attr->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER &&
+           attr->map_extra != 0)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
        f_flags = bpf_get_file_flag(attr->map_flags);
        if (f_flags < 0)
                return f_flags;
@@ -1080,6 +1089,14 @@ static int map_lookup_elem(union bpf_attr *attr)
        if (!value)
                goto free_key;
 
+       if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER) {
+               if (copy_from_user(value, uvalue, value_size))
+                       err = -EFAULT;
+               else
+                       err = bpf_map_copy_value(map, key, value, attr->flags);
+               goto free_value;
+       }
+
        err = bpf_map_copy_value(map, key, value, attr->flags);
        if (err)
                goto free_value;
@@ -3881,6 +3898,7 @@ static int bpf_map_get_info_by_fd(struct file *file,
        info.value_size = map->value_size;
        info.max_entries = map->max_entries;
        info.map_flags = map->map_flags;
+       info.map_extra = map->map_extra;
        memcpy(info.name, map->name, sizeof(map->name));
 
        if (map->btf) {
index c6616e3258038a33b0ec30c46994ecbf5dd14fcf..3c8aa7df1773461a4b29ea81aa5d527685e55e54 100644 (file)
@@ -5002,7 +5002,10 @@ static int resolve_map_arg_type(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
                break;
-
+       case BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER:
+               if (meta->func_id == BPF_FUNC_map_peek_elem)
+                       *arg_type = ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE;
+               break;
        default:
                break;
        }
@@ -5577,6 +5580,11 @@ static int check_map_func_compatibility(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
                    func_id != BPF_FUNC_task_storage_delete)
                        goto error;
                break;
+       case BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER:
+               if (func_id != BPF_FUNC_map_peek_elem &&
+                   func_id != BPF_FUNC_map_push_elem)
+                       goto error;
+               break;
        default:
                break;
        }
@@ -5644,13 +5652,18 @@ static int check_map_func_compatibility(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
                    map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH)
                        goto error;
                break;
-       case BPF_FUNC_map_peek_elem:
        case BPF_FUNC_map_pop_elem:
-       case BPF_FUNC_map_push_elem:
                if (map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE &&
                    map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK)
                        goto error;
                break;
+       case BPF_FUNC_map_peek_elem:
+       case BPF_FUNC_map_push_elem:
+               if (map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE &&
+                   map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK &&
+                   map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER)
+                       goto error;
+               break;
        case BPF_FUNC_sk_storage_get:
        case BPF_FUNC_sk_storage_delete:
                if (map->map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_SK_STORAGE)
index c108200378834c4b0278419a63d45defbf8cc822..8bead4aa3ad04dcfd9f554669ddbaaad49e830ec 100644 (file)
@@ -906,6 +906,7 @@ enum bpf_map_type {
        BPF_MAP_TYPE_RINGBUF,
        BPF_MAP_TYPE_INODE_STORAGE,
        BPF_MAP_TYPE_TASK_STORAGE,
+       BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER,
 };
 
 /* Note that tracing related programs such as
@@ -1274,6 +1275,13 @@ union bpf_attr {
                                                   * struct stored as the
                                                   * map value
                                                   */
+               /* Any per-map-type extra fields
+                *
+                * BPF_MAP_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER - the lowest 4 bits indicate the
+                * number of hash functions (if 0, the bloom filter will default
+                * to using 5 hash functions).
+                */
+               __u64   map_extra;
        };
 
        struct { /* anonymous struct used by BPF_MAP_*_ELEM commands */
@@ -5638,6 +5646,7 @@ struct bpf_map_info {
        __u32 btf_id;
        __u32 btf_key_type_id;
        __u32 btf_value_type_id;
+       __u64 map_extra;
 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
 
 struct bpf_btf_info {