#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
 #include <linux/usb.h>
 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
 
 #include <sound/core.h>
 #include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
 
 #include "usbaudio.h"
 #include "helper.h"
 #include "endpoint.h"
 #include "pcm.h"
 
+#define EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED      0
+#define EP_FLAG_RUNNING                1
+
 /*
  * convert a sampling rate into our full speed format (fs/1000 in Q16.16)
  * this will overflow at approx 524 kHz
 /*
  * unlink active urbs.
  */
-static int deactivate_urbs(struct snd_usb_substream *subs, int force, int can_sleep)
+static int deactivate_urbs_old(struct snd_usb_substream *subs, int force, int can_sleep)
 {
        struct snd_usb_audio *chip = subs->stream->chip;
        unsigned int i;
 /*
  *  wait until all urbs are processed.
  */
-static int wait_clear_urbs(struct snd_usb_substream *subs)
+static int wait_clear_urbs_old(struct snd_usb_substream *subs)
 {
        unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000);
        unsigned int i;
        int i;
 
        /* stop urbs (to be sure) */
-       deactivate_urbs(subs, force, 1);
-       wait_clear_urbs(subs);
+       deactivate_urbs_old(subs, force, 1);
+       wait_clear_urbs_old(subs);
 
        for (i = 0; i < MAX_URBS; i++)
                release_urb_ctx(&subs->dataurb[i]);
 /*
  * complete callback from data urb
  */
-static void snd_complete_urb(struct urb *urb)
+static void snd_complete_urb_old(struct urb *urb)
 {
        struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = urb->context;
        struct snd_usb_substream *subs = ctx->subs;
                u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP | URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
                u->urb->interval = 1 << subs->datainterval;
                u->urb->context = u;
-               u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
+               u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb_old;
        }
 
        if (subs->syncpipe) {
 
  __error:
        // snd_pcm_stop(subs->pcm_substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
-       deactivate_urbs(subs, 0, 0);
+       deactivate_urbs_old(subs, 0, 0);
        return -EPIPE;
 }
 
                subs->ops.prepare = prepare_playback_urb;
                return 0;
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
-               return deactivate_urbs(subs, 0, 0);
+               return deactivate_urbs_old(subs, 0, 0);
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
                subs->ops.prepare = prepare_nodata_playback_urb;
                return 0;
                subs->ops.retire = retire_capture_urb;
                return start_urbs(subs, substream->runtime);
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
-               return deactivate_urbs(subs, 0, 0);
+               return deactivate_urbs_old(subs, 0, 0);
        case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
                subs->ops.retire = retire_paused_capture_urb;
                return 0;
                              struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
 {
        /* clear urbs (to be sure) */
-       deactivate_urbs(subs, 0, 1);
-       wait_clear_urbs(subs);
+       deactivate_urbs_old(subs, 0, 1);
+       wait_clear_urbs_old(subs);
 
        /* for playback, submit the URBs now; otherwise, the first hwptr_done
         * updates for all URBs would happen at the same time when starting */
        return 0;
 }
 
+int snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       return  ep->sync_master &&
+               ep->sync_master->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA &&
+               ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA &&
+               usb_pipeout(ep->pipe);
+}
+
+/* determine the number of frames in the next packet */
+static int next_packet_size(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       unsigned long flags;
+       int ret;
+
+       if (ep->fill_max)
+               return ep->maxframesize;
+
+       spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
+       ep->phase = (ep->phase & 0xffff)
+               + (ep->freqm << ep->datainterval);
+       ret = min(ep->phase >> 16, ep->maxframesize);
+       spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void retire_outbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                               struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
+{
+       if (ep->retire_data_urb)
+               ep->retire_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb_ctx->urb);
+}
+
+static void retire_inbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                              struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
+{
+       struct urb *urb = urb_ctx->urb;
+
+       if (ep->sync_slave)
+               snd_usb_handle_sync_urb(ep->sync_slave, ep, urb);
+
+       if (ep->retire_data_urb)
+               ep->retire_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb);
+}
+
+static void prepare_outbound_urb_sizes(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                                      struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ctx->packets; ++i)
+               ctx->packet_size[i] = next_packet_size(ep);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare a PLAYBACK urb for submission to the bus.
+ */
+static void prepare_outbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                                struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct urb *urb = ctx->urb;
+       unsigned char *cp = urb->transfer_buffer;
+
+       urb->dev = ep->chip->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
+
+       switch (ep->type) {
+       case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
+               if (ep->prepare_data_urb) {
+                       ep->prepare_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb);
+               } else {
+                       /* no data provider, so send silence */
+                       unsigned int offs = 0;
+                       for (i = 0; i < ctx->packets; ++i) {
+                               int counts = ctx->packet_size[i];
+                               urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = offs * ep->stride;
+                               urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = counts * ep->stride;
+                               offs += counts;
+                       }
+
+                       urb->number_of_packets = ctx->packets;
+                       urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs * ep->stride;
+                       memset(urb->transfer_buffer, ep->silence_value,
+                              offs * ep->stride);
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
+               if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) >= USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
+                       /*
+                        * fill the length and offset of each urb descriptor.
+                        * the fixed 12.13 frequency is passed as 16.16 through the pipe.
+                        */
+                       urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = 4;
+                       urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
+                       cp[0] = ep->freqn;
+                       cp[1] = ep->freqn >> 8;
+                       cp[2] = ep->freqn >> 16;
+                       cp[3] = ep->freqn >> 24;
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * fill the length and offset of each urb descriptor.
+                        * the fixed 10.14 frequency is passed through the pipe.
+                        */
+                       urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = 3;
+                       urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
+                       cp[0] = ep->freqn >> 2;
+                       cp[1] = ep->freqn >> 10;
+                       cp[2] = ep->freqn >> 18;
+               }
+
+               break;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare a CAPTURE or SYNC urb for submission to the bus.
+ */
+static inline void prepare_inbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                                      struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
+{
+       int i, offs;
+       struct urb *urb = urb_ctx->urb;
+
+       urb->dev = ep->chip->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
+
+       switch (ep->type) {
+       case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
+               offs = 0;
+               for (i = 0; i < urb_ctx->packets; i++) {
+                       urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = offs;
+                       urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = ep->curpacksize;
+                       offs += ep->curpacksize;
+               }
+
+               urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs;
+               urb->number_of_packets = urb_ctx->packets;
+               break;
+
+       case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
+               urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = min(4u, ep->syncmaxsize);
+               urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
+               break;
+       }
+}
+
+static void queue_pending_output_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       while (test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)) {
+
+               unsigned long flags;
+               struct snd_usb_packet_info *packet;
+               struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = NULL;
+               struct urb *urb;
+               int err, i;
+
+               spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
+               if (ep->next_packet_read_pos != ep->next_packet_write_pos) {
+                       packet = ep->next_packet + ep->next_packet_read_pos;
+                       ep->next_packet_read_pos++;
+                       ep->next_packet_read_pos %= MAX_URBS;
+
+                       /* take URB out of FIFO */
+                       if (!list_empty(&ep->ready_playback_urbs))
+                               ctx = list_first_entry(&ep->ready_playback_urbs,
+                                              struct snd_urb_ctx, ready_list);
+               }
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
+
+               if (ctx == NULL)
+                       return;
+
+               list_del_init(&ctx->ready_list);
+               urb = ctx->urb;
+
+               /* copy over the length information */
+               for (i = 0; i < packet->packets; i++)
+                       ctx->packet_size[i] = packet->packet_size[i];
+
+               prepare_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
+
+               err = usb_submit_urb(ctx->urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+               if (err < 0)
+                       snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to submit urb #%d: %d (urb %p)\n",
+                                  ctx->index, err, ctx->urb);
+               else
+                       set_bit(ctx->index, &ep->active_mask);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * complete callback for urbs
+ */
+static void snd_complete_urb(struct urb *urb)
+{
+       struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = urb->context;
+       struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep = ctx->ep;
+       int err;
+
+       if (unlikely(urb->status == -ENOENT ||          /* unlinked */
+                    urb->status == -ENODEV ||          /* device removed */
+                    urb->status == -ECONNRESET ||      /* unlinked */
+                    urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN ||       /* device disabled */
+                    ep->chip->shutdown))               /* device disconnected */
+               goto exit_clear;
+
+       if (usb_pipeout(ep->pipe)) {
+               retire_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
+               /* can be stopped during retire callback */
+               if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
+                       goto exit_clear;
+
+               if (snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
+                       unsigned long flags;
+
+                       spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
+                       list_add_tail(&ctx->ready_list, &ep->ready_playback_urbs);
+                       spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
+                       queue_pending_output_urbs(ep);
+
+                       goto exit_clear;
+               }
+
+               prepare_outbound_urb_sizes(ep, ctx);
+               prepare_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
+       } else {
+               retire_inbound_urb(ep, ctx);
+               /* can be stopped during retire callback */
+               if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
+                       goto exit_clear;
+
+               prepare_inbound_urb(ep, ctx);
+       }
+
+       err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+       if (err == 0)
+               return;
+
+       snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot submit urb (err = %d)\n", err);
+       //snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
+
+exit_clear:
+       clear_bit(ctx->index, &ep->active_mask);
+}
+
+struct snd_usb_endpoint *snd_usb_add_endpoint(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+                                             struct usb_host_interface *alts,
+                                             int ep_num, int direction, int type)
+{
+       struct list_head *p;
+       struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
+       int ret, is_playback = direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
+
+       mutex_lock(&chip->mutex);
+
+       list_for_each(p, &chip->ep_list) {
+               ep = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_endpoint, list);
+               if (ep->ep_num == ep_num &&
+                   ep->iface == alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber &&
+                   ep->alt_idx == alts->desc.bAlternateSetting) {
+                       snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "Re-using EP %x in iface %d,%d @%p\n",
+                                       ep_num, ep->iface, ep->alt_idx, ep);
+                       goto __exit_unlock;
+               }
+       }
+
+       snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "Creating new %s %s endpoint #%x\n",
+                   is_playback ? "playback" : "capture",
+                   type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA ? "data" : "sync",
+                   ep_num);
+
+       /* select the alt setting once so the endpoints become valid */
+       ret = usb_set_interface(chip->dev, alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber,
+                               alts->desc.bAlternateSetting);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s(): usb_set_interface() failed, ret = %d\n",
+                                       __func__, ret);
+               ep = NULL;
+               goto __exit_unlock;
+       }
+
+       ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!ep)
+               goto __exit_unlock;
+
+       ep->chip = chip;
+       spin_lock_init(&ep->lock);
+       ep->type = type;
+       ep->ep_num = ep_num;
+       ep->iface = alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber;
+       ep->alt_idx = alts->desc.bAlternateSetting;
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ep->ready_playback_urbs);
+       ep_num &= USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
+
+       if (is_playback)
+               ep->pipe = usb_sndisocpipe(chip->dev, ep_num);
+       else
+               ep->pipe = usb_rcvisocpipe(chip->dev, ep_num);
+
+       if (type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC) {
+               if (get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bLength >= USB_DT_ENDPOINT_AUDIO_SIZE &&
+                   get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh >= 1 &&
+                   get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh <= 9)
+                       ep->syncinterval = get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh;
+               else if (snd_usb_get_speed(chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_FULL)
+                       ep->syncinterval = 1;
+               else if (get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval >= 1 &&
+                        get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval <= 16)
+                       ep->syncinterval = get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval - 1;
+               else
+                       ep->syncinterval = 3;
+
+               ep->syncmaxsize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, 1)->wMaxPacketSize);
+       }
+
+       list_add_tail(&ep->list, &chip->ep_list);
+
+__exit_unlock:
+       mutex_unlock(&chip->mutex);
+
+       return ep;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  wait until all urbs are processed.
+ */
+static int wait_clear_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000);
+       unsigned int i;
+       int alive;
+
+       do {
+               alive = 0;
+               for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++)
+                       if (test_bit(i, &ep->active_mask))
+                               alive++;
+
+               if (!alive)
+                       break;
+
+               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+       } while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
+
+       if (alive)
+               snd_printk(KERN_ERR "timeout: still %d active urbs on EP #%x\n",
+                                       alive, ep->ep_num);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * unlink active urbs.
+ */
+static int deactivate_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, int force, int can_sleep)
+{
+       unsigned long flags;
+       unsigned int i;
+       int async;
+
+       if (!force && ep->chip->shutdown) /* to be sure... */
+               return -EBADFD;
+
+       async = !can_sleep && ep->chip->async_unlink;
+
+       clear_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
+
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ep->ready_playback_urbs);
+       ep->next_packet_read_pos = 0;
+       ep->next_packet_write_pos = 0;
+
+       if (!async && in_interrupt())
+               return 0;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
+               if (test_bit(i, &ep->active_mask)) {
+                       if (!test_and_set_bit(i, &ep->unlink_mask)) {
+                               struct urb *u = ep->urb[i].urb;
+                               if (async)
+                                       usb_unlink_urb(u);
+                               else
+                                       usb_kill_urb(u);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * release an endpoint's urbs
+ */
+static void release_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, int force)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       /* route incoming urbs to nirvana */
+       ep->retire_data_urb = NULL;
+       ep->prepare_data_urb = NULL;
+
+       /* stop urbs */
+       deactivate_urbs(ep, force, 1);
+       wait_clear_urbs(ep);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++)
+               release_urb_ctx(&ep->urb[i]);
+
+       if (ep->syncbuf)
+               usb_free_coherent(ep->chip->dev, SYNC_URBS * 4,
+                                 ep->syncbuf, ep->sync_dma);
+
+       ep->syncbuf = NULL;
+       ep->nurbs = 0;
+}
+
+static int data_ep_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                             struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
+                             struct audioformat *fmt,
+                             struct snd_usb_endpoint *sync_ep)
+{
+       unsigned int maxsize, i, urb_packs, total_packs, packs_per_ms;
+       int period_bytes = params_period_bytes(hw_params);
+       int format = params_format(hw_params);
+       int is_playback = usb_pipeout(ep->pipe);
+       int frame_bits = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(params_format(hw_params)) *
+                                                       params_channels(hw_params);
+
+       ep->datainterval = fmt->datainterval;
+       ep->stride = frame_bits >> 3;
+       ep->silence_value = format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U8 ? 0x80 : 0;
+
+       /* calculate max. frequency */
+       if (ep->maxpacksize) {
+               /* whatever fits into a max. size packet */
+               maxsize = ep->maxpacksize;
+               ep->freqmax = (maxsize / (frame_bits >> 3))
+                               << (16 - ep->datainterval);
+       } else {
+               /* no max. packet size: just take 25% higher than nominal */
+               ep->freqmax = ep->freqn + (ep->freqn >> 2);
+               maxsize = ((ep->freqmax + 0xffff) * (frame_bits >> 3))
+                               >> (16 - ep->datainterval);
+       }
+
+       if (ep->fill_max)
+               ep->curpacksize = ep->maxpacksize;
+       else
+               ep->curpacksize = maxsize;
+
+       if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) != USB_SPEED_FULL)
+               packs_per_ms = 8 >> ep->datainterval;
+       else
+               packs_per_ms = 1;
+
+       if (is_playback && !snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
+               urb_packs = max(ep->chip->nrpacks, 1);
+               urb_packs = min(urb_packs, (unsigned int) MAX_PACKS);
+       } else {
+               urb_packs = 1;
+       }
+
+       urb_packs *= packs_per_ms;
+
+       if (sync_ep && !snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep))
+               urb_packs = min(urb_packs, 1U << sync_ep->syncinterval);
+
+       /* decide how many packets to be used */
+       if (is_playback && !snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
+               unsigned int minsize, maxpacks;
+               /* determine how small a packet can be */
+               minsize = (ep->freqn >> (16 - ep->datainterval))
+                         * (frame_bits >> 3);
+               /* with sync from device, assume it can be 12% lower */
+               if (sync_ep)
+                       minsize -= minsize >> 3;
+               minsize = max(minsize, 1u);
+               total_packs = (period_bytes + minsize - 1) / minsize;
+               /* we need at least two URBs for queueing */
+               if (total_packs < 2) {
+                       total_packs = 2;
+               } else {
+                       /* and we don't want too long a queue either */
+                       maxpacks = max(MAX_QUEUE * packs_per_ms, urb_packs * 2);
+                       total_packs = min(total_packs, maxpacks);
+               }
+       } else {
+               while (urb_packs > 1 && urb_packs * maxsize >= period_bytes)
+                       urb_packs >>= 1;
+               total_packs = MAX_URBS * urb_packs;
+       }
+
+       ep->nurbs = (total_packs + urb_packs - 1) / urb_packs;
+       if (ep->nurbs > MAX_URBS) {
+               /* too much... */
+               ep->nurbs = MAX_URBS;
+               total_packs = MAX_URBS * urb_packs;
+       } else if (ep->nurbs < 2) {
+               /* too little - we need at least two packets
+                * to ensure contiguous playback/capture
+                */
+               ep->nurbs = 2;
+       }
+
+       /* allocate and initialize data urbs */
+       for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
+               struct snd_urb_ctx *u = &ep->urb[i];
+               u->index = i;
+               u->ep = ep;
+               u->packets = (i + 1) * total_packs / ep->nurbs
+                       - i * total_packs / ep->nurbs;
+               u->buffer_size = maxsize * u->packets;
+
+               if (fmt->fmt_type == UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_II)
+                       u->packets++; /* for transfer delimiter */
+               u->urb = usb_alloc_urb(u->packets, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (!u->urb)
+                       goto out_of_memory;
+
+               u->urb->transfer_buffer =
+                       usb_alloc_coherent(ep->chip->dev, u->buffer_size,
+                                          GFP_KERNEL, &u->urb->transfer_dma);
+               if (!u->urb->transfer_buffer)
+                       goto out_of_memory;
+               u->urb->pipe = ep->pipe;
+               u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP | URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
+               u->urb->interval = 1 << ep->datainterval;
+               u->urb->context = u;
+               u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
+               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&u->ready_list);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+
+out_of_memory:
+       release_urbs(ep, 0);
+       return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+static int sync_ep_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                             struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
+                             struct audioformat *fmt)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       ep->syncbuf = usb_alloc_coherent(ep->chip->dev, SYNC_URBS * 4,
+                                        GFP_KERNEL, &ep->sync_dma);
+       if (!ep->syncbuf)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < SYNC_URBS; i++) {
+               struct snd_urb_ctx *u = &ep->urb[i];
+               u->index = i;
+               u->ep = ep;
+               u->packets = 1;
+               u->urb = usb_alloc_urb(1, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (!u->urb)
+                       goto out_of_memory;
+               u->urb->transfer_buffer = ep->syncbuf + i * 4;
+               u->urb->transfer_dma = ep->sync_dma + i * 4;
+               u->urb->transfer_buffer_length = 4;
+               u->urb->pipe = ep->pipe;
+               u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP |
+                                        URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
+               u->urb->number_of_packets = 1;
+               u->urb->interval = 1 << ep->syncinterval;
+               u->urb->context = u;
+               u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
+       }
+
+       ep->nurbs = SYNC_URBS;
+
+       return 0;
+
+out_of_memory:
+       release_urbs(ep, 0);
+       return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+int snd_usb_endpoint_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                               struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
+                               struct audioformat *fmt,
+                               struct snd_usb_endpoint *sync_ep)
+{
+       int err;
+
+       if (ep->use_count != 0) {
+               snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "Unable to change format on ep #%x: already in use\n",
+                          ep->ep_num);
+               return -EBUSY;
+       }
+
+       /* release old buffers, if any */
+       release_urbs(ep, 0);
+
+       ep->datainterval = fmt->datainterval;
+       ep->maxpacksize = fmt->maxpacksize;
+       ep->fill_max = fmt->attributes & UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
+
+       if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_FULL)
+               ep->freqn = get_usb_full_speed_rate(params_rate(hw_params));
+       else
+               ep->freqn = get_usb_high_speed_rate(params_rate(hw_params));
+
+       /* calculate the frequency in 16.16 format */
+       ep->freqm = ep->freqn;
+       ep->freqshift = INT_MIN;
+
+       ep->phase = 0;
+
+       switch (ep->type) {
+       case  SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
+               err = data_ep_set_params(ep, hw_params, fmt, sync_ep);
+               break;
+       case  SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
+               err = sync_ep_set_params(ep, hw_params, fmt);
+               break;
+       default:
+               err = -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "Setting params for ep #%x (type %d, %d urbs), ret=%d\n",
+                  ep->ep_num, ep->type, ep->nurbs, err);
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+int snd_usb_endpoint_start(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       int err;
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       if (ep->chip->shutdown)
+               return -EBADFD;
+
+       /* already running? */
+       if (++ep->use_count != 1)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (snd_BUG_ON(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED, &ep->flags)))
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       /* just to be sure */
+       deactivate_urbs(ep, 0, 1);
+       wait_clear_urbs(ep);
+
+       ep->active_mask = 0;
+       ep->unlink_mask = 0;
+       ep->phase = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * If this endpoint has a data endpoint as implicit feedback source,
+        * don't start the urbs here. Instead, mark them all as available,
+        * wait for the record urbs to arrive and queue from that context.
+        */
+
+       set_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
+
+       if (snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
+               for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
+                       struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = ep->urb + i;
+                       list_add_tail(&ctx->ready_list, &ep->ready_playback_urbs);
+               }
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
+               struct urb *urb = ep->urb[i].urb;
+
+               if (snd_BUG_ON(!urb))
+                       goto __error;
+
+               if (usb_pipeout(ep->pipe)) {
+                       prepare_outbound_urb_sizes(ep, urb->context);
+                       prepare_outbound_urb(ep, urb->context);
+               } else {
+                       prepare_inbound_urb(ep, urb->context);
+               }
+
+               err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
+               if (err < 0) {
+                       snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot submit urb %d, error %d: %s\n",
+                                  i, err, usb_error_string(err));
+                       goto __error;
+               }
+               set_bit(i, &ep->active_mask);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+
+__error:
+       clear_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
+       ep->use_count--;
+       deactivate_urbs(ep, 0, 0);
+       return -EPIPE;
+}
+
+void snd_usb_endpoint_stop(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                          int force, int can_sleep, int wait)
+{
+       if (!ep)
+               return;
+
+       if (snd_BUG_ON(ep->use_count == 0))
+               return;
+
+       if (snd_BUG_ON(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED, &ep->flags)))
+               return;
+
+       if (--ep->use_count == 0) {
+               deactivate_urbs(ep, force, can_sleep);
+               ep->data_subs = NULL;
+               ep->sync_slave = NULL;
+               ep->retire_data_urb = NULL;
+               ep->prepare_data_urb = NULL;
+
+               if (wait)
+                       wait_clear_urbs(ep);
+       }
+}
+
+int snd_usb_endpoint_activate(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       if (ep->use_count != 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (!ep->chip->shutdown &&
+           !test_and_set_bit(EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED, &ep->flags)) {
+               int ret;
+
+               ret = usb_set_interface(ep->chip->dev, ep->iface, ep->alt_idx);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s() usb_set_interface() failed, ret = %d\n",
+                                               __func__, ret);
+                       clear_bit(EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED, &ep->flags);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+int snd_usb_endpoint_deactivate(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+       if (!ep)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       if (ep->use_count != 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (!ep->chip->shutdown &&
+           test_and_clear_bit(EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED, &ep->flags)) {
+               int ret;
+
+               ret = usb_set_interface(ep->chip->dev, ep->iface, 0);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       snd_printk(KERN_ERR "%s(): usb_set_interface() failed, ret = %d\n",
+                                               __func__, ret);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+void snd_usb_endpoint_free(struct list_head *head)
+{
+       struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
+
+       ep = list_entry(head, struct snd_usb_endpoint, list);
+       release_urbs(ep, 1);
+       kfree(ep);
+}
+
+/*
+ * process after playback sync complete
+ *
+ * Full speed devices report feedback values in 10.14 format as samples per
+ * frame, high speed devices in 16.16 format as samples per microframe.
+ * Because the Audio Class 1 spec was written before USB 2.0, many high speed
+ * devices use a wrong interpretation, some others use an entirely different
+ * format.  Therefore, we cannot predict what format any particular device uses
+ * and must detect it automatically.
+ */
+void snd_usb_handle_sync_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
+                            struct snd_usb_endpoint *sender,
+                            const struct urb *urb)
+{
+       int shift;
+       unsigned int f;
+       unsigned long flags;
+
+       snd_BUG_ON(ep == sender);
+
+       if (snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep) &&
+           ep->use_count != 0) {
+
+               /* implicit feedback case */
+               int i, bytes = 0;
+               struct snd_urb_ctx *in_ctx;
+               struct snd_usb_packet_info *out_packet;
+
+               in_ctx = urb->context;
+
+               /* Count overall packet size */
+               for (i = 0; i < in_ctx->packets; i++)
+                       if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status == 0)
+                               bytes += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length;
+
+               /*
+                * skip empty packets. At least M-Audio's Fast Track Ultra stops
+                * streaming once it received a 0-byte OUT URB
+                */
+               if (bytes == 0)
+                       return;
+
+               spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
+               out_packet = ep->next_packet + ep->next_packet_write_pos;
+
+               /*
+                * Iterate through the inbound packet and prepare the lengths
+                * for the output packet. The OUT packet we are about to send
+                * will have the same amount of payload than the IN packet we
+                * just received.
+                */
+
+               out_packet->packets = in_ctx->packets;
+               for (i = 0; i < in_ctx->packets; i++) {
+                       if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status == 0)
+                               out_packet->packet_size[i] =
+                                       urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / ep->stride;
+                       else
+                               out_packet->packet_size[i] = 0;
+               }
+
+               ep->next_packet_write_pos++;
+               ep->next_packet_write_pos %= MAX_URBS;
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
+               queue_pending_output_urbs(ep);
+
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* parse sync endpoint packet */
+
+       if (urb->iso_frame_desc[0].status != 0 ||
+           urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length < 3)
+               return;
+
+       f = le32_to_cpup(urb->transfer_buffer);
+       if (urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length == 3)
+               f &= 0x00ffffff;
+       else
+               f &= 0x0fffffff;
+
+       if (f == 0)
+               return;
+
+       if (unlikely(ep->freqshift == INT_MIN)) {
+               /*
+                * The first time we see a feedback value, determine its format
+                * by shifting it left or right until it matches the nominal
+                * frequency value.  This assumes that the feedback does not
+                * differ from the nominal value more than +50% or -25%.
+                */
+               shift = 0;
+               while (f < ep->freqn - ep->freqn / 4) {
+                       f <<= 1;
+                       shift++;
+               }
+               while (f > ep->freqn + ep->freqn / 2) {
+                       f >>= 1;
+                       shift--;
+               }
+               ep->freqshift = shift;
+       } else if (ep->freqshift >= 0)
+               f <<= ep->freqshift;
+       else
+               f >>= -ep->freqshift;
+
+       if (likely(f >= ep->freqn - ep->freqn / 8 && f <= ep->freqmax)) {
+               /*
+                * If the frequency looks valid, set it.
+                * This value is referred to in prepare_playback_urb().
+                */
+               spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
+               ep->freqm = f;
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * Out of range; maybe the shift value is wrong.
+                * Reset it so that we autodetect again the next time.
+                */
+               ep->freqshift = INT_MIN;
+       }
+}
+