return error;
 }
 
+/* Determine the low key of a leaf block (simple) */
+void
+xfs_btree_get_leaf_keys(
+       struct xfs_btree_cur    *cur,
+       struct xfs_btree_block  *block,
+       union xfs_btree_key     *key)
+{
+       union xfs_btree_rec     *rec;
+
+       rec = xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, block);
+       cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(key, rec);
+}
+
+/* Determine the low key of a node block (simple) */
+void
+xfs_btree_get_node_keys(
+       struct xfs_btree_cur    *cur,
+       struct xfs_btree_block  *block,
+       union xfs_btree_key     *key)
+{
+       memcpy(key, xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, block), cur->bc_ops->key_len);
+}
+
+/* Derive the keys for any btree block. */
+STATIC void
+xfs_btree_get_keys(
+       struct xfs_btree_cur    *cur,
+       struct xfs_btree_block  *block,
+       union xfs_btree_key     *key)
+{
+       if (be16_to_cpu(block->bb_level) == 0)
+               cur->bc_ops->get_leaf_keys(cur, block, key);
+       else
+               cur->bc_ops->get_node_keys(cur, block, key);
+}
+
 /*
- * Update keys at all levels from here to the root along the cursor's path.
+ * Decide if we need to update the parent keys of a btree block.  For
+ * a standard btree this is only necessary if we're updating the first
+ * record/key.
  */
-STATIC int
-xfs_btree_updkey(
+static inline bool
+xfs_btree_needs_key_update(
+       struct xfs_btree_cur    *cur,
+       int                     ptr)
+{
+       return ptr == 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the parent keys of the given level, progressing towards the root.
+ */
+int
+xfs_btree_update_keys(
        struct xfs_btree_cur    *cur,
-       union xfs_btree_key     *keyp,
        int                     level)
 {
        struct xfs_btree_block  *block;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        union xfs_btree_key     *kp;
+       union xfs_btree_key     key;
        int                     ptr;
 
        XFS_BTREE_TRACE_CURSOR(cur, XBT_ENTRY);
        XFS_BTREE_TRACE_ARGIK(cur, level, keyp);
 
-       ASSERT(!(cur->bc_flags & XFS_BTREE_ROOT_IN_INODE) || level >= 1);
+       ASSERT(level >= 0);
 
        /*
         * Go up the tree from this level toward the root.
         * Stop when we reach a level where the cursor isn't pointing
         * at the first entry in the block.
         */
-       for (ptr = 1; ptr == 1 && level < cur->bc_nlevels; level++) {
+       block = xfs_btree_get_block(cur, level, &bp);
+       xfs_btree_get_keys(cur, block, &key);
+       for (level++, ptr = 1; ptr == 1 && level < cur->bc_nlevels; level++) {
 #ifdef DEBUG
                int             error;
 #endif
 #endif
                ptr = cur->bc_ptrs[level];
                kp = xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, ptr, block);
-               xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur, kp, keyp, 1);
+               xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur, kp, &key, 1);
                xfs_btree_log_keys(cur, bp, ptr, ptr);
        }
 
        }
 
        /* Updating first rec in leaf. Pass new key value up to our parent. */
-       if (ptr == 1) {
-               union xfs_btree_key     key;
-
-               cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(&key, rec);
-               error = xfs_btree_updkey(cur, &key, 1);
+       if (xfs_btree_needs_key_update(cur, ptr)) {
+               error = cur->bc_ops->update_keys(cur, 0);
                if (error)
                        goto error0;
        }
                 */
                cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(&key,
                        xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, right));
-               rkp = &key;
        }
 
-       /* Update the parent key values of right. */
-       error = xfs_btree_updkey(cur, rkp, level + 1);
+       /* Update the parent keys of the right block. */
+       error = cur->bc_ops->update_keys(cur, level);
        if (error)
                goto error0;
 
                xfs_btree_log_recs(cur, rbp, 1, rrecs + 1);
 
                cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(&key, rrp);
-               rkp = &key;
 
                ASSERT(cur->bc_ops->recs_inorder(cur, rrp,
                        xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 2, right)));
        if (error)
                goto error1;
 
-       error = xfs_btree_updkey(tcur, rkp, level + 1);
+       /* Update the parent keys of the right block. */
+       error = cur->bc_ops->update_keys(tcur, level);
        if (error)
                goto error1;
 
 
        XFS_BTREE_STATS_ADD(cur, moves, rrecs);
 
+       /* Adjust numrecs for the later get_*_keys() calls. */
+       lrecs -= rrecs;
+       xfs_btree_set_numrecs(left, lrecs);
+       xfs_btree_set_numrecs(right, xfs_btree_get_numrecs(right) + rrecs);
+
        /*
         * Copy btree block entries from the left block over to the
         * new block, the right. Update the right block and log the
                }
 #endif
 
+               /* Copy the keys & pointers to the new block. */
                xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur, rkp, lkp, rrecs);
                xfs_btree_copy_ptrs(cur, rpp, lpp, rrecs);
 
                xfs_btree_log_keys(cur, rbp, 1, rrecs);
                xfs_btree_log_ptrs(cur, rbp, 1, rrecs);
 
-               /* Grab the keys to the entries moved to the right block */
-               xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur, key, rkp, 1);
+               /* Stash the keys of the new block for later insertion. */
+               cur->bc_ops->get_node_keys(cur, right, key);
        } else {
                /* It's a leaf.  Move records.  */
                union xfs_btree_rec     *lrp;   /* left record pointer */
                lrp = xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, src_index, left);
                rrp = xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, right);
 
+               /* Copy records to the new block. */
                xfs_btree_copy_recs(cur, rrp, lrp, rrecs);
                xfs_btree_log_recs(cur, rbp, 1, rrecs);
 
-               cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(key,
-                       xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, right));
+               /* Stash the keys of the new block for later insertion. */
+               cur->bc_ops->get_leaf_keys(cur, right, key);
        }
 
-
        /*
         * Find the left block number by looking in the buffer.
-        * Adjust numrecs, sibling pointers.
+        * Adjust sibling pointers.
         */
        xfs_btree_get_sibling(cur, left, &rrptr, XFS_BB_RIGHTSIB);
        xfs_btree_set_sibling(cur, right, &rrptr, XFS_BB_RIGHTSIB);
        xfs_btree_set_sibling(cur, right, &lptr, XFS_BB_LEFTSIB);
        xfs_btree_set_sibling(cur, left, &rptr, XFS_BB_RIGHTSIB);
 
-       lrecs -= rrecs;
-       xfs_btree_set_numrecs(left, lrecs);
-       xfs_btree_set_numrecs(right, xfs_btree_get_numrecs(right) + rrecs);
-
        xfs_btree_log_block(cur, rbp, XFS_BB_ALL_BITS);
        xfs_btree_log_block(cur, lbp, XFS_BB_NUMRECS | XFS_BB_RIGHTSIB);
 
                bp = lbp;
                nptr = 2;
        }
+
        /* Fill in the new block's btree header and log it. */
        xfs_btree_init_block_cur(cur, nbp, cur->bc_nlevels, 2);
        xfs_btree_log_block(cur, nbp, XFS_BB_ALL_BITS);
 
        /* Fill in the key data in the new root. */
        if (xfs_btree_get_level(left) > 0) {
-               xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur,
-                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, new),
-                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, left), 1);
-               xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur,
-                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 2, new),
-                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, right), 1);
+               /*
+                * Get the keys for the left block's keys and put them directly
+                * in the parent block.  Do the same for the right block.
+                */
+               cur->bc_ops->get_node_keys(cur, left,
+                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, new));
+               cur->bc_ops->get_node_keys(cur, right,
+                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 2, new));
        } else {
-               cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(
-                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, new),
-                               xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, left));
-               cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(
-                               xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 2, new),
-                               xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, right));
+               /*
+                * Get the keys for the left block's records and put them
+                * directly in the parent block.  Do the same for the right
+                * block.
+                */
+               cur->bc_ops->get_leaf_keys(cur, left,
+                       xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, new));
+               cur->bc_ops->get_leaf_keys(cur, right,
+                       xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 2, new));
        }
        xfs_btree_log_keys(cur, nbp, 1, 2);
 
        int                     *index, /* new tree index */
        union xfs_btree_ptr     *nptr,  /* new btree ptr */
        struct xfs_btree_cur    **ncur, /* new btree cursor */
-       union xfs_btree_key     *key, /* key of new block */
+       union xfs_btree_key     *key,   /* key of new block */
        int                     *stat)
 {
        int                     error = 0;
        xfs_btree_log_block(cur, bp, XFS_BB_NUMRECS);
 
        /* If we inserted at the start of a block, update the parents' keys. */
-       if (optr == 1) {
-               error = xfs_btree_updkey(cur, key, level + 1);
+       if (xfs_btree_needs_key_update(cur, optr)) {
+               error = cur->bc_ops->update_keys(cur, level);
                if (error)
                        goto error0;
        }
         */
        *ptrp = nptr;
        if (!xfs_btree_ptr_is_null(cur, &nptr)) {
-               *key = nkey;
+               xfs_btree_copy_keys(cur, key, &nkey, 1);
                *curp = ncur;
        }
 
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;            /* buffer for block */
        int                     error;          /* error return value */
        int                     i;              /* loop counter */
-       union xfs_btree_key     key;            /* storage for keyp */
-       union xfs_btree_key     *keyp = &key;   /* passed to the next level */
        union xfs_btree_ptr     lptr;           /* left sibling block ptr */
        struct xfs_buf          *lbp;           /* left buffer pointer */
        struct xfs_btree_block  *left;          /* left btree block */
                        xfs_btree_log_keys(cur, bp, ptr, numrecs - 1);
                        xfs_btree_log_ptrs(cur, bp, ptr, numrecs - 1);
                }
-
-               /*
-                * If it's the first record in the block, we'll need to pass a
-                * key up to the next level (updkey).
-                */
-               if (ptr == 1)
-                       keyp = xfs_btree_key_addr(cur, 1, block);
        } else {
                /* It's a leaf. operate on records */
                if (ptr < numrecs) {
                                -1, numrecs - ptr);
                        xfs_btree_log_recs(cur, bp, ptr, numrecs - 1);
                }
-
-               /*
-                * If it's the first record in the block, we'll need a key
-                * structure to pass up to the next level (updkey).
-                */
-               if (ptr == 1) {
-                       cur->bc_ops->init_key_from_rec(&key,
-                                       xfs_btree_rec_addr(cur, 1, block));
-                       keyp = &key;
-               }
        }
 
        /*
         * If we deleted the leftmost entry in the block, update the
         * key values above us in the tree.
         */
-       if (ptr == 1) {
-               error = xfs_btree_updkey(cur, keyp, level + 1);
+       if (xfs_btree_needs_key_update(cur, ptr)) {
+               error = cur->bc_ops->update_keys(cur, level);
                if (error)
                        goto error0;
        }