#define RING_PUSH_REQUESTS(_r) do {                                    \
-    wmb(); /* back sees requests /before/ updated producer index */    \
+    virt_wmb(); /* back sees requests /before/ updated producer index */       \
     (_r)->sring->req_prod = (_r)->req_prod_pvt;                                \
 } while (0)
 
 #define RING_PUSH_RESPONSES(_r) do {                                   \
-    wmb(); /* front sees responses /before/ updated producer index */  \
+    virt_wmb(); /* front sees responses /before/ updated producer index */     \
     (_r)->sring->rsp_prod = (_r)->rsp_prod_pvt;                                \
 } while (0)
 
 #define RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(_r, _notify) do {          \
     RING_IDX __old = (_r)->sring->req_prod;                            \
     RING_IDX __new = (_r)->req_prod_pvt;                               \
-    wmb(); /* back sees requests /before/ updated producer index */    \
+    virt_wmb(); /* back sees requests /before/ updated producer index */       \
     (_r)->sring->req_prod = __new;                                     \
-    mb(); /* back sees new requests /before/ we check req_event */     \
+    virt_mb(); /* back sees new requests /before/ we check req_event */        \
     (_notify) = ((RING_IDX)(__new - (_r)->sring->req_event) <          \
                 (RING_IDX)(__new - __old));                            \
 } while (0)
 #define RING_PUSH_RESPONSES_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(_r, _notify) do {         \
     RING_IDX __old = (_r)->sring->rsp_prod;                            \
     RING_IDX __new = (_r)->rsp_prod_pvt;                               \
-    wmb(); /* front sees responses /before/ updated producer index */  \
+    virt_wmb(); /* front sees responses /before/ updated producer index */     \
     (_r)->sring->rsp_prod = __new;                                     \
-    mb(); /* front sees new responses /before/ we check rsp_event */   \
+    virt_mb(); /* front sees new responses /before/ we check rsp_event */      \
     (_notify) = ((RING_IDX)(__new - (_r)->sring->rsp_event) <          \
                 (RING_IDX)(__new - __old));                            \
 } while (0)
     (_work_to_do) = RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_REQUESTS(_r);                  \
     if (_work_to_do) break;                                            \
     (_r)->sring->req_event = (_r)->req_cons + 1;                       \
-    mb();                                                              \
+    virt_mb();                                                         \
     (_work_to_do) = RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_REQUESTS(_r);                  \
 } while (0)
 
     (_work_to_do) = RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(_r);                 \
     if (_work_to_do) break;                                            \
     (_r)->sring->rsp_event = (_r)->rsp_cons + 1;                       \
-    mb();                                                              \
+    virt_mb();                                                         \
     (_work_to_do) = RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_RESPONSES(_r);                 \
 } while (0)