DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ib_nodev_conns_lock);
 LIST_HEAD(ib_nodev_conns);
 
+/*
+ * rds_ib_destroy_mr_pool() blocks on a few things and mrs drop references
+ * from interrupt context so we push freing off into a work struct in krdsd.
+ */
+static void rds_ib_dev_free(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct rds_ib_ipaddr *i_ipaddr, *i_next;
+       struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev = container_of(work,
+                                       struct rds_ib_device, free_work);
+
+       if (rds_ibdev->mr_pool)
+               rds_ib_destroy_mr_pool(rds_ibdev->mr_pool);
+       if (rds_ibdev->mr)
+               ib_dereg_mr(rds_ibdev->mr);
+       if (rds_ibdev->pd)
+               ib_dealloc_pd(rds_ibdev->pd);
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(i_ipaddr, i_next, &rds_ibdev->ipaddr_list, list) {
+               list_del(&i_ipaddr->list);
+               kfree(i_ipaddr);
+       }
+
+       kfree(rds_ibdev);
+}
+
+void rds_ib_dev_put(struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev)
+{
+       BUG_ON(atomic_read(&rds_ibdev->refcount) <= 0);
+       if (atomic_dec_and_test(&rds_ibdev->refcount))
+               queue_work(rds_wq, &rds_ibdev->free_work);
+}
+
 void rds_ib_add_one(struct ib_device *device)
 {
        struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev;
                goto free_attr;
        }
 
-       rds_ibdev = kmalloc_node(sizeof *rds_ibdev, GFP_KERNEL, ibdev_to_node(device));
+       rds_ibdev = kzalloc_node(sizeof(struct rds_ib_device), GFP_KERNEL,
+                                ibdev_to_node(device));
        if (!rds_ibdev)
                goto free_attr;
 
        spin_lock_init(&rds_ibdev->spinlock);
+       atomic_set(&rds_ibdev->refcount, 1);
+       INIT_WORK(&rds_ibdev->free_work, rds_ib_dev_free);
 
        rds_ibdev->max_wrs = dev_attr->max_qp_wr;
        rds_ibdev->max_sge = min(dev_attr->max_sge, RDS_IB_MAX_SGE);
 
        rds_ibdev->dev = device;
        rds_ibdev->pd = ib_alloc_pd(device);
-       if (IS_ERR(rds_ibdev->pd))
-               goto free_dev;
+       if (IS_ERR(rds_ibdev->pd)) {
+               rds_ibdev->pd = NULL;
+               goto put_dev;
+       }
 
-       rds_ibdev->mr = ib_get_dma_mr(rds_ibdev->pd,
-                                     IB_ACCESS_LOCAL_WRITE);
-       if (IS_ERR(rds_ibdev->mr))
-               goto err_pd;
+       rds_ibdev->mr = ib_get_dma_mr(rds_ibdev->pd, IB_ACCESS_LOCAL_WRITE);
+       if (IS_ERR(rds_ibdev->mr)) {
+               rds_ibdev->mr = NULL;
+               goto put_dev;
+       }
 
        rds_ibdev->mr_pool = rds_ib_create_mr_pool(rds_ibdev);
        if (IS_ERR(rds_ibdev->mr_pool)) {
                rds_ibdev->mr_pool = NULL;
-               goto err_mr;
+               goto put_dev;
        }
 
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rds_ibdev->ipaddr_list);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rds_ibdev->conn_list);
        list_add_tail(&rds_ibdev->list, &rds_ib_devices);
+       atomic_inc(&rds_ibdev->refcount);
 
        ib_set_client_data(device, &rds_ib_client, rds_ibdev);
+       atomic_inc(&rds_ibdev->refcount);
 
-       goto free_attr;
-
-err_mr:
-       ib_dereg_mr(rds_ibdev->mr);
-err_pd:
-       ib_dealloc_pd(rds_ibdev->pd);
-free_dev:
-       kfree(rds_ibdev);
+put_dev:
+       rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
 free_attr:
        kfree(dev_attr);
 }
 
+/*
+ * New connections use this to find the device to associate with the
+ * connection.  It's not in the fast path so we're not concerned about the
+ * performance of the IB call.  (As of this writing, it uses an interrupt
+ * blocking spinlock to serialize walking a per-device list of all registered
+ * clients.)
+ *
+ * RCU is used to handle incoming connections racing with device teardown.
+ * Rather than use a lock to serialize removal from the client_data and
+ * getting a new reference, we use an RCU grace period.  The destruction
+ * path removes the device from client_data and then waits for all RCU
+ * readers to finish.
+ *
+ * A new connection can get NULL from this if its arriving on a
+ * device that is in the process of being removed.
+ */
+struct rds_ib_device *rds_ib_get_client_data(struct ib_device *device)
+{
+       struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev;
+
+       rcu_read_lock();
+       rds_ibdev = ib_get_client_data(device, &rds_ib_client);
+       if (rds_ibdev)
+               atomic_inc(&rds_ibdev->refcount);
+       rcu_read_unlock();
+       return rds_ibdev;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The IB stack is letting us know that a device is going away.  This can
+ * happen if the underlying HCA driver is removed or if PCI hotplug is removing
+ * the pci function, for example.
+ *
+ * This can be called at any time and can be racing with any other RDS path.
+ */
 void rds_ib_remove_one(struct ib_device *device)
 {
        struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev;
-       struct rds_ib_ipaddr *i_ipaddr, *i_next;
 
        rds_ibdev = ib_get_client_data(device, &rds_ib_client);
        if (!rds_ibdev)
                return;
 
-       synchronize_rcu();
-       list_for_each_entry_safe(i_ipaddr, i_next, &rds_ibdev->ipaddr_list, list) {
-               list_del(&i_ipaddr->list);
-               kfree(i_ipaddr);
-       }
-
        rds_ib_destroy_conns(rds_ibdev);
 
-       if (rds_ibdev->mr_pool)
-               rds_ib_destroy_mr_pool(rds_ibdev->mr_pool);
-
-       ib_dereg_mr(rds_ibdev->mr);
-
-       while (ib_dealloc_pd(rds_ibdev->pd)) {
-               rdsdebug("Failed to dealloc pd %p\n", rds_ibdev->pd);
-               msleep(1);
-       }
+       /*
+        * prevent future connection attempts from getting a reference to this
+        * device and wait for currently racing connection attempts to finish
+        * getting their reference
+        */
+       ib_set_client_data(device, &rds_ib_client, NULL);
+       synchronize_rcu();
+       rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
 
        list_del(&rds_ibdev->list);
-       kfree(rds_ibdev);
+       rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
 }
 
 struct ib_client rds_ib_client = {
                rdma_addr_get_sgid(dev_addr, (union ib_gid *) &iinfo->src_gid);
                rdma_addr_get_dgid(dev_addr, (union ib_gid *) &iinfo->dst_gid);
 
-               rds_ibdev = ib_get_client_data(ic->i_cm_id->device, &rds_ib_client);
+               rds_ibdev = ic->rds_ibdev;
                iinfo->max_send_wr = ic->i_send_ring.w_nr;
                iinfo->max_recv_wr = ic->i_recv_ring.w_nr;
                iinfo->max_send_sge = rds_ibdev->max_sge;
 
 {
        const struct rds_ib_connect_private *dp = NULL;
        struct rds_ib_connection *ic = conn->c_transport_data;
-       struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev;
        struct ib_qp_attr qp_attr;
        int err;
 
        if (err)
                printk(KERN_NOTICE "ib_modify_qp(IB_QP_STATE, RTS): err=%d\n", err);
 
-       /* update ib_device with this local ipaddr & conn */
-       rds_ibdev = ib_get_client_data(ic->i_cm_id->device, &rds_ib_client);
-       err = rds_ib_update_ipaddr(rds_ibdev, conn->c_laddr);
+       /* update ib_device with this local ipaddr */
+       err = rds_ib_update_ipaddr(ic->rds_ibdev, conn->c_laddr);
        if (err)
-               printk(KERN_ERR "rds_ib_update_ipaddr failed (%d)\n", err);
-       rds_ib_add_conn(rds_ibdev, conn);
+               printk(KERN_ERR "rds_ib_update_ipaddr failed (%d)\n",
+                       err);
 
        /* If the peer gave us the last packet it saw, process this as if
         * we had received a regular ACK. */
                        u32 max_initiator_depth)
 {
        struct rds_ib_connection *ic = conn->c_transport_data;
-       struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev;
+       struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev = ic->rds_ibdev;
 
        memset(conn_param, 0, sizeof(struct rdma_conn_param));
 
-       rds_ibdev = ib_get_client_data(ic->i_cm_id->device, &rds_ib_client);
-
        conn_param->responder_resources =
                min_t(u32, rds_ibdev->max_responder_resources, max_responder_resources);
        conn_param->initiator_depth =
        struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev;
        int ret;
 
-       /* rds_ib_add_one creates a rds_ib_device object per IB device,
-        * and allocates a protection domain, memory range and FMR pool
-        * for each.  If that fails for any reason, it will not register
-        * the rds_ibdev at all.
+       /*
+        * It's normal to see a null device if an incoming connection races
+        * with device removal, so we don't print a warning.
         */
-       rds_ibdev = ib_get_client_data(dev, &rds_ib_client);
-       if (!rds_ibdev) {
-               if (printk_ratelimit())
-                       printk(KERN_NOTICE "RDS/IB: No client_data for device %s\n",
-                                       dev->name);
+       rds_ibdev = rds_ib_get_client_data(dev);
+       if (!rds_ibdev)
                return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-       }
+
+       /* add the conn now so that connection establishment has the dev */
+       rds_ib_add_conn(rds_ibdev, conn);
 
        if (rds_ibdev->max_wrs < ic->i_send_ring.w_nr + 1)
                rds_ib_ring_resize(&ic->i_send_ring, rds_ibdev->max_wrs - 1);
                 ic->i_send_cq, ic->i_recv_cq);
 
 out:
+       rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
        return ret;
 }
 
 
                rcu_read_lock();
                list_for_each_entry_rcu(i_ipaddr, &rds_ibdev->ipaddr_list, list) {
                        if (i_ipaddr->ipaddr == ipaddr) {
+                               atomic_inc(&rds_ibdev->refcount);
                                rcu_read_unlock();
                                return rds_ibdev;
                        }
        struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev_old;
 
        rds_ibdev_old = rds_ib_get_device(ipaddr);
-       if (rds_ibdev_old)
+       if (rds_ibdev_old) {
                rds_ib_remove_ipaddr(rds_ibdev_old, ipaddr);
+               rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev_old);
+       }
 
        return rds_ib_add_ipaddr(rds_ibdev, ipaddr);
 }
        spin_unlock_irq(&ib_nodev_conns_lock);
 
        ic->rds_ibdev = rds_ibdev;
+       atomic_inc(&rds_ibdev->refcount);
 }
 
 void rds_ib_remove_conn(struct rds_ib_device *rds_ibdev, struct rds_connection *conn)
        spin_unlock(&ib_nodev_conns_lock);
 
        ic->rds_ibdev = NULL;
+       rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
 }
 
 void __rds_ib_destroy_conns(struct list_head *list, spinlock_t *list_lock)
 
 void rds_ib_destroy_mr_pool(struct rds_ib_mr_pool *pool)
 {
-       flush_workqueue(rds_wq);
+       cancel_work_sync(&pool->flush_worker);
        rds_ib_flush_mr_pool(pool, 1);
        WARN_ON(atomic_read(&pool->item_count));
        WARN_ON(atomic_read(&pool->free_pinned));
                        queue_work(rds_wq, &pool->flush_worker);
                }
        }
+
+       rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
 }
 
 void rds_ib_flush_mrs(void)
                printk(KERN_WARNING "RDS/IB: map_fmr failed (errno=%d)\n", ret);
 
        ibmr->device = rds_ibdev;
+       rds_ibdev = NULL;
 
  out:
        if (ret) {
                        rds_ib_free_mr(ibmr, 0);
                ibmr = ERR_PTR(ret);
        }
+       if (rds_ibdev)
+               rds_ib_dev_put(rds_ibdev);
        return ibmr;
 }