return vgic_present ? kvm_vgic_get_max_vcpus() : KVM_MAX_VCPUS;
 }
 
+static void set_default_csv2(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+       /*
+        * The default is to expose CSV2 == 1 if the HW isn't affected.
+        * Although this is a per-CPU feature, we make it global because
+        * asymmetric systems are just a nuisance.
+        *
+        * Userspace can override this as long as it doesn't promise
+        * the impossible.
+        */
+       if (arm64_get_spectre_v2_state() == SPECTRE_UNAFFECTED)
+               kvm->arch.pfr0_csv2 = 1;
+}
+
 /**
  * kvm_arch_init_vm - initializes a VM data structure
  * @kvm:       pointer to the KVM struct
        /* The maximum number of VCPUs is limited by the host's GIC model */
        kvm->arch.max_vcpus = kvm_arm_default_max_vcpus();
 
+       set_default_csv2(kvm);
+
        return ret;
 out_free_stage2_pgd:
        kvm_free_stage2_pgd(&kvm->arch.mmu);
 
                if (!vcpu_has_sve(vcpu))
                        val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_SVE_SHIFT);
                val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_AMU_SHIFT);
-               if (!(val & (0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT)) &&
-                   arm64_get_spectre_v2_state() == SPECTRE_UNAFFECTED)
-                       val |= (1UL << ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT);
+               val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT);
+               val |= ((u64)vcpu->kvm->arch.pfr0_csv2 << ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT);
        } else if (id == SYS_ID_AA64PFR1_EL1) {
                val &= ~(0xfUL << ID_AA64PFR1_MTE_SHIFT);
        } else if (id == SYS_ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 && !vcpu_has_ptrauth(vcpu)) {
        return REG_HIDDEN;
 }
 
+static int set_id_aa64pfr0_el1(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+                              const struct sys_reg_desc *rd,
+                              const struct kvm_one_reg *reg, void __user *uaddr)
+{
+       const u64 id = sys_reg_to_index(rd);
+       int err;
+       u64 val;
+       u8 csv2;
+
+       err = reg_from_user(&val, uaddr, id);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       /*
+        * Allow AA64PFR0_EL1.CSV2 to be set from userspace as long as
+        * it doesn't promise more than what is actually provided (the
+        * guest could otherwise be covered in ectoplasmic residue).
+        */
+       csv2 = cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(val, ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT);
+       if (csv2 > 1 ||
+           (csv2 && arm64_get_spectre_v2_state() != SPECTRE_UNAFFECTED))
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       /* We can only differ with CSV2, and anything else is an error */
+       val ^= read_id_reg(vcpu, rd, false);
+       val &= ~(0xFUL << ID_AA64PFR0_CSV2_SHIFT);
+       if (val)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       vcpu->kvm->arch.pfr0_csv2 = csv2;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * cpufeature ID register user accessors
  *
 
        /* AArch64 ID registers */
        /* CRm=4 */
-       ID_SANITISED(ID_AA64PFR0_EL1),
+       { SYS_DESC(SYS_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1), .access = access_id_reg,
+         .get_user = get_id_reg, .set_user = set_id_aa64pfr0_el1, },
        ID_SANITISED(ID_AA64PFR1_EL1),
        ID_UNALLOCATED(4,2),
        ID_UNALLOCATED(4,3),