ALSA: usb-audio: Add input value sanity checks for standard types

ALSA: usb-audio: Add input value sanity checks for standard types

For an invalid input value that is out of the given range, currently
USB-audio driver corrects the value silently and accepts without
errors.  This is no wrong behavior, per se, but the recent kselftest
rather wants to have an error in such a case, hence a different
behavior is expected now.

This patch adds a sanity check at each control put for the standard
mixer types and returns an error if an invalid value is given.

Note that this covers only the standard mixer types.  The mixer quirks
that have own control callbacks would need different coverage.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20240806124651.28203-1-tiwai@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>