fs: Add initial atomic write support info to statx

fs: Add initial atomic write support info to statx

Extend statx system call to return additional info for atomic write support
support for a file.

Helper function generic_fill_statx_atomic_writes() can be used by FSes to
fill in the relevant statx fields. For now atomic_write_segments_max will
always be 1, otherwise some rules would need to be imposed on iovec length
and alignment, which we don't want now.

Signed-off-by: Prasad Singamsetty <prasad.singamsetty@oracle.com>
jpg: relocate bdev support to another patch
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240620125359.2684798-5-john.g.garry@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>